物理光学专业英语名词总汇.doc

物理光学专业英语名词总汇.docCoordinateSystems(笛卡尔系)Cartesian,cylindrical(polar),spherical(直角、柱、球)VectorsandScalars(矢量、标量)magnitude(大小,量纲,量级)anorderofmagnitude,twoordersofmagnitude(两个数量级)productscalarproduct(dotproduct)(点积)vectorproduct(crossproduct)(叉积)NewtonianMechanics(牛顿力学)Object:speedvelocitymechanicalenergy(机械能):(scalar)(vector) potentialenergy(势能)icenergy(动能)Acceleration gravitationalforce(万有引力)Mass(质量)Density(密度)Volume(体枳)weight(gravity)(重力)Friction(摩擦)non-conservativeforce(非保守力)restoringforce(回复力)Momentum(动量)moment(torque)(力矩)uniformmotion(迅速运动)uniformdielectric(迅速直线)OscillationsandWaves(振荡和波)Vibration(振动) Damped(有阻尼的)periodicmotion(周期运动):displacement(位移)simpleharmonicmotion(简谐振动):spring(press)(绳的伸长与压缩)Amplitude(振幅)Cycle(周期)frequency(megahertz)(频率)Wavelength(波长)(meterdecimeter/分米centimeter/厘米millimeter/毫米nanometer/纳米micron/微米)travelingwave(行波) standingwave(驻波)crest(波峰) trough(波谷)icwave(电磁波)icradiation(电磁辐身寸)icspectrum:(光谱):visiblelight(可见光)radiowave(无线电)Infrared(红外线)ultraviolet(UV)(紫外线)Gammarays(r射线)X-rays(X线)Photon(光子):atom(原子)molecule(分子)Electron(电子)neutron(中子)Proton (质子) ion(离子)Nucleus(原子核)nuclei(复数形式)Light:Reflection(反射):(全反射):totalinternalreflectionRefraction(折射)Diffraction(衍射):centralmaximum/minimum(中心最大/最小)secondary/sidemaximum(次级大)Dispersion(散射)Interference(干涉):(相干光)coherentwave (光程差)opticalpathdifference(相位差phasedifference/shift (同/不同相)inphase/outofphase(奇/偶整数倍)odd/evenintegralmultiple(叠力