2020年英皇乐理1~5级演奏指示PerformanceDirections资料.doc

一级:演奏指示PerformanceDirections(一)elerando//.dalsegno/.decrescendo/(=forte)(=fortissimo)legatolentomezzo(=mezzoforte)(=mezzopiano)moderatop(=piano)pp(=pianissimo)pocorallentando/./(atease)fairlyquick(butnotasquickasallegro)quick(cheerful)inggraduallysoftertheendloudveryloudsmoothlyslowhalf(moderately)moderatelyloudmoderatelyquietmoderately(allegromoderato;moderatelyquick)quietveryquietalittle,slightlygraduallygettingslowergraduallygettingslower逐渐加快慢(舒适)稍快(但不及allegro快)快(欢乐),快板如行走般的速度如歌唱似的风格渐强从头再奏回到记号“”处再奏渐弱渐弱结束处强,响亮很强圆滑地慢一半(适中)中强中弱中速(allegromoderato:适中的快板)弱很弱少许,稍渐慢渐慢ritenuto/(二)演奏符号heldback(immediatelyslowingdown)detachedspeed,time(atempo:intime)graduallygettinglouder(=crescendo)graduallygettingquieter(=diminuendo/decrescendo)detached(=ato)accentpauseonthenote(orrest)(=fermata)repeatmarks:atthesecondsign,repeatthemusicfromthefirstsign(ifthefirstsignisleftout,repeatfromthebeginning)tie:acurvedlinejoiningtwonotesofthesamepitchintoasinglesustainedsoundslur:performthenotessmoothly(acurvedlineoverorundertwoormoredifferentnotes)突然慢(立即放慢)断音,断奏速度,时间(atempo:回复到原来的速度)渐强(=crescendo)渐弱(=diminuendo/decrescendo)断音,断奏(=ato)重音延长号。将音符(或休止符)的时值延长(=fermata)反复记号。在第二个记号处,音乐从第一个记号处开始重复(如乐曲没有第一个记号,音乐是从乐曲的开始处重复)连线:将两个有相同音高的音连结成一个音的弧线连线:圆滑地演奏各音(置于两个或一组音符的上方或下方的弧线)octave(=ottava)performanoctavehigher(writtenoveranoteornotes)performanoctavelower(writtenunderanoteornotes)76crotchetbeatsinaminute(shortforMaelzel'sMetronome)八度(=ottava)升高一个八度演奏(写在一个或多个音符的上方)降低一个八度演奏(写在一个或多个音符的下方)每分钟奏76个四分音符(’sMetronome(拍节机)的简称二级:(一)演奏术语aal,allaallargandoandantinoassaicon,coldolcee,edespressivo(espress./espr.)(=fortepiano)giocosogravegraziosolarghettolargomamaestosomenomoltomossointhestyleof,for,at,with,inacappella:inthestyleofchapeladue:fortwoperformersapiacere:atpleasureapumad'arco:withthepointofthebowatempo;intimeinthemannerof,tothe(allamarcia:inthest