专利许可证合同的限制性条款研究.pdf

河北经贸大学
硕士学位论文
专利许可证合同的限制性条款研究
姓名:杨利伟
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:经济法
指导教师:南振兴
20050415
摘要

专利制度是保护发明创造人的利益、促进科技进步和经济发展法律制度,
它的核心是专利法。通过专利法,专利权人可以获得一定时期、一定地域内
对专利技术的独占实施权。专利实施是技术方案的商品化,除专利权人自己
实施专利外,许可他人实施专利也是常见的方式之一,专利技术是技术转让
中最重要的合同标的。专利许可证合同是专利贸易中的基本法律文件之一,
其内容除了具备普通商业合同的一般条款外,还有可能存在一些限制双方(主
要是被许可人)权利义务的特殊条款,即限制性条款。这些限制性条款可能
使双方的权利义务发生某种改变甚至失衡,并有可能阻碍技术进步,进而损
害消费者利益和社会公共利益。这不仅与专利制度的原则和目的相违背,而
且也势必受到竞争法的规制。目前世界各国的立法各不相同,在美国通过反
托拉斯法,主要根据合理规则进行具体分析并加以管制。欧盟最新的竞争法
和技术转让规章,以经济学为基础的分析方法,区分竞争者和非竞争者之间
的协议,以市场份额为标准来确定豁免的范围。在我国和一些发展中国家,
则是通过合同法、对外贸易法和有关的司法解释加以规制。本文首先论述专
利制度的形成、发展和宗旨、专利许可证合同的一般条款和特殊条款,结合
竞争法的基本内容和原则,对专利许可证合同的限制性条款进行具体分析。
最后针对我国相关法律的具体规定,阐述自己的看法并提出若干建议。

关键词:专利制度,技术转让,专利许可证合同,限制性条款










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Abstract

The aim of patent system is to protect the benefit of inventor and
creator,to promote the progress of science and technologies, and the
development of economy, the core of patent system is patent law.
According to patent law, patentors have the sole right to actulize the
patent in certain period and certain areas. Actulizing patents are to
apply the pantents modities, while licensing the others to
actulize the pantents is one of mon styles besides the patentors
do themselves, patents are of the most important objects in transfer
of technologies. Patent contractual licenses are among of the basic
legal instrument in patent trade, their contents may include some
clauses which restrict the rights and obligations of the two parties
(mainly licensee), besides some basic clauses mercial
contract. The restrictive clauses in them may change the rights and
obligations of the two parties, or misbalance, even to block the
development of the technologies and damage the benefits of the
consumers and the public. It certainly violate the principle and aim
of patent system,and it is necessary to regulate petition law.
At present, some countries regulate them by different law, in USA the
a