安徽省农民工返乡创业政策分析研究.pdf

摘要 I 摘要随着我国改革开放事业的不断深入发展,党和国家一系列惠农政策的陆续出台,一些早年在外务工积累了一定的资金、技术和经验的农民工纷纷陆续返回家乡开展创业活动。他们或兴办企业、或进行农业产业化生产经营、或发展工商服务业,极大地促进了农村经济和县域经济的发展。据有关调查数据统计显示,截止目前,全国大约有800万农民工利用在外务工时学到的技术、积累的资金和经验返乡兴办企业、发展现代农业和开展工商服务业,兴办的企业占全国乡镇企业总数的1/5,创造了约3000万个就业机会。农民工返乡创业有利于逐步解决“三农”问题;有利于城乡的统筹发展,加快城镇化建设的进程; 有利于工业化和非农化的可持续发展,农民工返乡创业为农村社会经济的发展注入了新的活力,是推进新农村建设的重要力量。然而创业本非易事,作为弱势群体的农民工要想成功创业则更不容易,他们在创业的道路上普遍面临着诸多因素的制约,他们迫切需要政府政策的大力扶持。虽然国家和各级地方政府也相继出台了一系列鼓励农民工返乡创业的优惠政策,但从总体上来看,这些政策由于不够完善、明确、有效,还缺乏可操作性;有些由于政策执行的不到位或政策执行的环境还不够宽松而使政策没有起到应有的效果。这就使得农民工难以克服返乡创业过程中遇到的问题和困难, 阻碍了农民工返乡创业事业的发展。本文分析了农民工返乡创业的意义和作用,提出农民工返乡创业具有广阔的发展前景;并结合安徽省农民工返乡创业政策的制定、实施过程中存在的问题,从全面建设小康社会、逐步解决“三农”问题、促进城市化发展的角度出发,提出安徽省农民工返乡创业政策要想起到应有的效用,必须从创业政策本身、政策的执行、以及政策的环境三个方面加以完善和发展。本文综合运用系统分析方法、实地调查法、文献整理研究等方法,以安徽省农民工返乡创业政策为主题,以其在实施过程存在的问题为着眼点,全面深入地探讨了当前我省农民工返乡创业政策的问题,并针对其中存在的问题提出了完善我省农民工返乡创业政策体系的建议,以期对农民工返乡创业事业的发展提供帮助。关键词:农民工;返乡创业;政策;安徽 Abstract II Abstract Throughout years of profound development of reform and opening-up process, our government continuously raises subsidies for farmers. Those migrant workers gradually return home to carry out entrepreneurial activities with capital, skill and experience accumulated in the years working outside. They set up factories, conduct agricultural industrialization and tertiary industry, contributing significantly to the development of rural and country’s economy. The problems facing agriculture, rural areas and farmers would be solved if a growing number of migrant workers return home to start business, as well as the coordinate development of city and countries, the process of city construction, industrialization and the sustainable development of non-agricultural construction. These migrant workers are the backbones and inject vitality to the social and economicdevelopment in rural areas, strongly impetus to the cause of building new socialist countryside. Whereas, starting business is not easy, and it is moredifficult for migrant workers as a vulnerable group. They are constrained