高速铁路桥梁风障设置对列车及其主梁气动性能影响的研究.pdf

摘要目前中国高铁正处于一个快速发展的时期,列车行驶速度越快, 侧向风对列车的安全行驶影响也越大。本文借助FLUENT流体力学软件,采用三维数值模拟的方法,研究了高速铁路桥梁风障设置对列车一桥梁气动性能的影响,以确保侧风作用下高速列车运行安全。,分别讨论了桥墩、风障高度、列车在桥上横向位置、风障透风率、风偏角对列车及主梁气动性能的影响。研究结果表明:桥墩对列车的气动系数影响很小,对主梁气动系数的影响是稳定的;列车的气动系数随着风障高度的增大在逐渐减小,主梁的气动系数随着风障高度的增大而增大;列车在桥上横向位置不同时,除侧力系数外迎风侧、上行列车气动系数均大于或接近于背风侧、下行列车气动系数;随着风障透风率的增大,列车气动系数在逐渐增大,主梁的阻力系数减小,升力系数增大,扭矩系数平稳上升:总体而言随着风偏角的增大,列车气动系数也呈增大趋势,除升力系数外主梁阻力系数、扭矩系数也在不断增大。采用动网格模型模拟了列车在桥上的运行状态,分析了风障高度、透风率、风偏角对列车气动系数的影响。研究结果表明:以头车为例列车气动系数随着风障高度的增大而减小,随着透风率和风偏角的增大而增大。以静力轮重减载率为评估标准确定了4m风障高度 30%透风率为较合理的风障设置。研究发现主梁的气动系数并不会随着风偏角的变化而变化。根据列车及主梁在不同风偏角下的气动系数,利用VSI程序计算了不同风速下列车的临界车速,并与无风障情况下列车临界车速对比,结果表明设置风障后能明显提高列车运行的临界车速。关键词:高速列车,桥梁,风障,气动性能,三维数值模拟,动网格 Abstract Atpresent,China’S highspeed railisin aperiod ofrapiddevelopment. The fasterthetraintravels,thegreaterimpact thesidewind has on the ‘travelling ofFLUENT software,thisthesis,adopting themethod numerical simulation,makes astudy of the impact ofsettinghigh-speed railway bridge’S wind barrier on the ’Saerodynamic perforlTlance to ensure thesafety ofthe travellinghigh-speed train. This thesis calculates the train and main beam’S aerodynamic toefficients under allsituationsusing staticmesh model,discussing respectively theimpact ofbridge pier,‘theheight ofwind barrier,the train’Shorizontal position on thebridge,the wind barrier’Sventilation rate and the wind angle on也e trainand main beam’S aerodynamic show thatthebridge pier’simpact on the train’S aerodynamic coefficient iSlittleand that on themain beam’Simpact iS .stable;with the increase oftheheight of wind barrier,the train’S aerodynamic coefficient is decreasing while the main beam’S aerodynamic coefficient iSincreasing;when thetrainiS on different horizontal positions,upwind、the up train’Saerodynamic coefficients are greater than or close tothose ofbackwind、the down train;with the increase ofthe wind barrier’Sventilation rate,the train’Saerodynamic coeffi