微生物题库英文.doc

Test1:DevelopmentofMicrobiology■MultipleChoice(chooseoneanswer)1、Thefundamentalunit(基本单位)anismsisthe:C■、membrane■、cell■、nucleus■、anismsthatdonotcontainatruenucleusarereferredtoas:C■、fungi真菌■、eukaryotic真核生物■、prokaryotic原核生物■、nankaryotic3、Thethreekingdomclassificationsystem(三界分类系统)anismswasproposedby:D■、Pasteur■、Bacon■、Winogradsky■、Woese4、Fungidifferfrombacteriainanumberofcharacteristics、Thecellwallsinfungiareposedof,whilethecellwallsofbacteriaareposedofpeptidoglycan、A■、chitin壳多糖■、phospholipid磷脂■、protein蛋白质■、glucosamine葡糖***5、Thefirstmicroscopesweredevelopedby:C■、Ehrlich■、Metchnikoff■、Leewenhoek■、Lister6、Controlofmicrobialinfectionscanbeacplishedbychemicalorimmunemechanisms、Thefirstreportontheproductionofanantibiotic(抗生素)iscreditedto:C■、Lister■、Fleming■、Ehrlich■、Koch7、Theterm"antibiotic"means:C■、anisms■、anismsthatkillsorinhibitsmolds(霉菌)■、anisms■、anismsthatkillsorinhibitscancercells8、ine(疫苗)forsmallpox天花wasreportedbytheEnglishphysician:D■、Lister■、Florey■、Fleming■、Jenner9、Activeimmunity(主动免疫)canbedistinguishedfrompassiveimmunityinthattheformerrequires:B■、developmentofantibodiesinone'sownbodybystimulationwithexternalantibodies■、developmentofantibodiesinone'sownbodybystimulationwithexternalantigens(抗原)■、Flemingdevelopmentofantibodiesinaforeignhostandtransfertoone'sownbody■、developmentofantigensinone'sownbodybystimulationwithexternalantibodies10、Theprocessofnitrification(硝化作用)bybacteriadescribedbyWinogradskyconverts:A■、ammoniatonitrateions将氨转化成***盐■、nitrateionstoammonia将***盐转化成氨 ■、N2toammonia将氮气转化成氨■、ammoniatourea将氨转化成尿素11、anismtoanotherthroughtheuseofaviralvector(病毒载体)isreferredtoas:B■、electroporation电穿孔■、conjugation接合生殖■、transformation转化■、transduction转导12、icmaterialofabacteriaislocatedinthemolecule:B■、RNA■、DNA■、protein■、lipid■anismsthatcontainatruenucleusarecalled__eukaryotic_____2、Bacteriadonothaveatruenucleusandareconsidered_____prokaryotic__3、Bacteriacanbedividedintotwogroups,the___archeabacteria____andthe____eubacteria(真细菌)___、4、___anaerobes(厌氧菌)anismsthatcangrowwithout