the human element in car following models.pdf.pdf

The human element in car following models Wim van Winsum * Human Factors Research Institute, TNO-TM, Kampweg 5, . Box 23, 3769 ZG Soesterberg, Netherlands Abstract mentary distinguishes between the engineering-inspired formalisms used by Brackstone, M., and McDonald, M. ( Transportation Research Part F (1999)) and the psychological knowledge of, and assumptions about human behaviour when car following. It outlines a preliminary mathematical model, based on psychological knowledge about car following behaviour by human drivers, which could be applied in tra?c engineering, as a means of bringing these two ways of studying car following closer together. ó 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Close following 1. Introduction In the paper, ?Car following: A historical review ?by Brackstone and McDonald (1999), a clear and thorough overview of car following models from an engineering point of view is presented. According to the authors it is the intent of the paper to brieˉy assess the range of options available in the choice of car following models. In the concluding remarks they state that it is ? highly tempting to attempt to increase the realism of a chosen model by attempting to incorporate motivational or attitudinal factors that may be able to explain the di?erences between drivers ?, but that there is ?little evidence to relate such features to observab