现代汉语物量词重叠式研究.pdf

湘潭大学
硕士学位论文
现代汉语物量词重叠式研究
姓名:田琳
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:汉语言文字学
指导教师:盛新华
20050501
摘要
量词重叠属构形重叠,要受到来自语义和音节数目的限制。
限制量词重叠的语义因素主要来自量词语义本身的数量特征:非
定量性和离散性。一般而言,定量量词不能重叠,非定量量词能
够重叠;连续量词不能重叠,离散量词可以重叠。除了语义的限
制,音节数目也限制着量词重叠,只有单音节的量词才能重叠。
量词重叠的基本语法意义就是“事物的重复出现”。由“事物
重复出现”的意义可以引申出“周遍”、“多量”和“连续”的意
思。由于引申方式的不同,“周遍”还可以引申出“所有”和“每
一”的意思;“连续”可以引申出“逐一”和“连绵”的意思。这
些意义处于不同层次,构成量词重叠的语法意义系统。在这个意
义系统中表“周遍”是量词重叠最主要的意义。重叠还会引起量
词表数的变化,重叠后的量词可以独立地表多称量或全称量。除
了语法意义发生变化外,重叠还会对量词的色彩意义产生影响。
主要表现为重叠后色彩意义的增添和等同。
量词重叠式的重要语法特点之一是它在功能上对基式有较大
的突破,重叠式可以冲破基式的种种句法限制,充当主语、谓语、
定语和状语。在组合能力上,两个重叠式并用的情况相当普遍。
同时与名词组合也不再受限制。
有突破就有限制,这表现为:
宾语中心语的定语,也不能充当补语;“一”
组合,不能受形容词或名词修饰;
在谓词前。
量词重叠式的运用是作者为了达到某种表达效果而有意为
之的行为,其语用价值表现在它强烈的描写色彩和使用时所传递
出的音韵美、情感美和形象美。

关键词:重叠量词非定量离散音节数目意义
突破限制语用价值
3
Abstract
The reduplication of Chinese classifiers depends on both
meaning and number of syllables. As for meaning, it is mainly
decided by their embodied features of quantity, namely feature of
unfixed quantity and discreteness. Besides, the syllabic number
also affects their reduplication. To put it more straight,
monosyllabic classifiers can be reduplicated, while multi-syllabic
ones cannot. The reasons lay on the strong quest bination
of Chinese classifiers and monosyllabic classifiers are not
marked.
The basic grammatical meaning of reduplicative classifiers is
“the reappearance of things”. Derived from it, they can mean “all
and every”, “muchness” and “sequence”. From “all and every”
comes “all” and “every”; “sequence”, “one by one” and ‘stretch”.
These meanings, which are at different strata, form a meaning
continuum of reduplicative classifiers. And among these
meanings, “all and every” is of overwhelming importance.
Reduplicative classifiers are different from those that are not
reduplicated in expressing the “number” of Chinese classifiers.
To be more specific, they can be used independently to express
the idea o