中考英语短语词义辨析专项讲解.doc

中考英语短语词义辨析专项讲解.doc中考英语短语词义辨析专项讲解一、考点分析短语词义辨析在中考和一模二模中所占的分值不多,通常会在选择题中出现一到二小题,分值为2・4分,但是词义辨析在完形填空中也会偶尔出现,屈于必须掌握的基础知识点。二、专题详解1•区别look,see,watch,notice,readlook看;因想看而投注Fl光,不管结果如何指看的动作,后不能接名词应lookat+nsee看到,看见;强调看的结果seesbdosth看见某人做某事的全过程seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事watch看,观看;特别留意,感兴趣地看运动着的东西watchsbdosth看见某人做某事的全过程watchsbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事watchTV/films/footballmatch/basketballmatch/shownotice看到,注意到,觉察到,偶尔看到细小但可能是重要的东西read主要强调“读,阅读,朗读''多指读书,看报,信,有关look的短语lookafter=takecareof照顾,照看havealook=takealook看一看一看某物look叩查阅资料,字典lookfor寻找(着重寻找的过程)杂志havealookat+n=takealookat+n看lookdownon/upon看不起,轻视lookoutof...从…向外看lookover检查lookupanddown上下打量lookup向上看 lookdown向卜看thankthankyou/thanksfor+n/v-ing因…而感谢,thanksto…由于,多亏thankstoone'shelp=becauseofone'shelp由于某人的帮忙thanksforone'shelp谢谢某人的帮助3・alone,lonelyaloneadj独自人(无感情色彩,只是陈述事实)在句中只做表语lonelyadj孤独的,寂寞的(形容人感到孤独寂寞,带有感情色彩),pleased,pleasingpleasant常'用作定语,apleasanttrippleased和pleasing常用作表语,pleased主语常为人,pleasing主语常为物pleasuren愉快,快乐,高兴bepleasedwithsb/sth对某人、事感到欣喜的,满意的bepleasedtodosth乐意做某事ifsone'spleasuretodosth做某事是某人的荣幸5・stop,forget,rememberstoptodosth意为“停下(正在做的事情)去做其他的事"stopdoingsth意为"停止(正在)做的事情”etdoingsth忘记LL经做过的事remembertodosth记得要去做某事rememberdoingsth记得己经做过的事goondoingsth=keepondoingsth=carryondoingsth继续做某事(同一件事)goontodosth接着T别的事makemakeAoutofB用B制造Amakesthforsb为某人制造某物dosthforsb为某人做某事bemadeofsth由…制造(看得出原材料)bemadefromsth由…制造(看不岀原材料)bemadebysb由某人制造7・say,speak,talk,?speak指说话的能力,?tell告诉,讲诉tellsbaboutsth告诉某人有关有事tellsbtodosth叫某人做某事tellsbnottodosth叫某人不要做某事talk交谈,谈话talkwithsb与某人交谈talktosb给某人说(侧重于一方说,别一方在听)talkaboutsth谈论某事pay,spend,cost,+金钱+forsth某人为...付…钱Sbspend+时间/金钱+onsth Sbspend+时间/金钱+(in)doingsthSthcostsb金钱 主语是物Ittakessb+时间+todosth/instead,insteadofinsteadadv代替单独使用,放于句首或句末insteadof+n/pron/v-ing介词短语意为,代替…而不是…”放丁句中wouldliketodosth=wanttodosth=feellikedoing想要做某事Wouldlikesbtodosth=,wishhopetodosth希望做某事hope+从句希望…wishtodosth希望做某事wishsbtodosth希望某人做某事12・getgeton/off(thebus)上/