新人教版八年级上英语1-5单元重点单词-短语和语法.docx

Unit1wheredidyougoonvacation复合不定代词:somebody某人someone某人anybody任何人anyone任何人nobody没人noone没人ererybody每个人ereryone每个人something某物anything任何事物nothing没有什么ererything一切事物①有body和one的只用来指人②有thing的只用来指事物③复合不定代词做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式④somebody,someone,something用于肯定句,anything,anyone,anybody用于否定句,疑问句⑤表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉的语气的疑问句,和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句,以及表示反问的问句中,也用somebody,someone,something⑥anything表示“任何事物,无论何事(物)”,anyone,anybody表示“无论谁,任何人”等意义时,他们也可以用于肯定句中。、anything、nothing、ererything+形容词,例如:①quite+a/an,a/an+very②quite+another,afew,alittle,,afew,little,alittle的区别few,可数名词复数,表否定afew,可数名词复数,表肯定little,不可数名词,表否定alittle,不可数名词,=howabout做…,+小地方arrivein+=makeupone′,=,enough+名词副词+,…下面,(这件事还没有做)forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事(这件事做过了,却忘记了),发现,强调找的结果;lookfor寻找,…that…如此…以至于=too…to…=enough…to语法:一般过去式如何写出动词的过去式1、 一般情况下在词尾加ed2、 以不发音的e结尾的直接加d3、 以辅音加y结尾的,把y改为i,再加ed4、 以一个元音加一个辅音结尾的,双写辅音,再加ed不规则动词的过去式:动词过去式be(am\is)ecamegowentdo(does)didflyflewdrawdrewmakemadesingsanghave(has)ottaketookcancouldmaymightshallshouldwillwouldknowknewbeginbeganbendbentbuildbuiltspendspentmeanmeantlearnlearntlearnedbuyboughtthinkthoughtteachtaughtcatchcaughtsleepsleptsweepsweptkeepkeptspeakspokeriderodefeelfeltleaveleftgivegaverunranringrangsitsatswimswamsaysaidstandstoodtelltoldthrowthrewwinwonwritewrote看到yesterday,last,,ago,before,justnow,in+年份,inthosedays就要考虑变为过去式。(一般情况在动词后面加ed)过去式注意前面加,后面不加。Unit2howoftendoyouexercisehelpwithsth帮助做某事can′thelpdoingsth情不自禁做某事helponeselfto随便吃withthehelpofsb在某人的帮助下hardlyever几乎不go+动词ing形式howoften问频率。(多久几次)。Howmany问多少,后面接名词复数。Howmuch,问价钱。howlong问多长时间,也可以问物体的长度。howtall问身高。howheavy问重量。howsoon问需要多长时间,过多久,答语有in+一段时间。howfar问多远haveto不得不,强调客观要求使之不得不做某事must不得不,带有主观意味maybe或