Particle Physics Experiments at High Energy Colliders.pdf
Related Titles Talman, R. Accelerator X-Ray Sources 2006 ISBN 978 -3 -527-40590-9 Martin, B . Nuclear and Particle Physics An Introduction 2006 ISBN 978-0-470-01999-3 Stacey, W . M. Fusion Plasma Physics 2005 ISBN 978 -3 -527-40586-2 john Hauptman Particle Physics Experiments at High Energy Colliders ~ WILEY- VCH WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA Contents Preface I X Introduction Collider Energy 2 Collid er Intensity 4 Why Big Colliders and Big Det ec tors Ar e Necessary 6 The Tringides Challenge 7 Useful Units, and One-Dimension a l Lorentz Transformation 8 Problems 10 2 Particles of the "Standard Model" 11 Some Bubble Chamber Photographs 18 B erkeley 10-in. Bubble Chamber 20 Problems 21 3 Particle Detectors 25 Particles Traveling through Atoms 25 Particle Interactions with Atomic Electrons (e-) 26 Particle Interactions with Nuclei (Z e ) 31 Trac king Systems 38 . 1 Momentum Measurement of Charged Particles 40 Impact Parameter Measurement 43 Summary ofTracking 46 Calorimetry: Energy Measurement 48 EM Particles, e± and y 49 Hadronic Particles (Particles Compos e d of Quarks) 51 Calorimeter Constant Terms 65 Time, or Velocity, Measurements 68 Signal Distribution among Chann e ls 71 Problems 72 4 Particle Identification 77 4 . 1 Discriminating Charged L ep tons from Charged Pions 79 Telling aμ± from a Jt ± 79 4 . T e lling an e± from an; ± 82 Particle Physics Experimen ts at High Energy Colliders . john Hauptman Copyright? 2011 Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. Weinheim ISBN: 978·3·527-40825-2 Contents Discriminating Hadrons from Each Other 87 Telling a K± or a p from a n: ± 87 Neutra
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