The Present Perfect Tense
现在完成时
现在完成时的构成形式
have /has + Vpp
助动词
过去分词
否定
疑问
haven’t
hasn’t
Have you……?
Has he……?
finish--finished--finished
live--lived--lived
carry--carried--carried
stop—stopped--stopped
go—went—gone
see---saw—seen
forget—forgot--forgotten
现在完成时 ( have / has + v-ed )
, 常和 just, already, yet,等连用. (汉语常用“已经”“了”“过”来表达) 例如:
(1) Tom has just turned off the light.
(2) I have already finished my homework.
(3) They haven’t heard from Sam yet.
1. already : “已经” 一般用在完成时态的肯定句中。
eg: I have already seen the film.
already 与 yet 区别
2. already若用在疑问句中,常表示吃惊
意外的语气。此时already常放在句末。
eg: Have you finished already?
(我以为你没有做完,表示出乎意料。)
:“还”一般用在完成时态的
否定句和疑问句中。
eg: Have you found your ruler yet?
你已经找到尺子了吗?
现在完成时 ( have / has + v-ed )
, 常和 ever, never, before ,once, twice, three times(表次数)等词连用.
(汉语中常用“过”来表示) 例如:
(1) Have you ever visited the USA?
(2) I have never been to a swimming pool.
(3) He has flown to Los Angeles before.
现在完成时 ( have / has + v-ed )
, 常和表示延续的时间状语连用,如: since + 过去时间点, for + 时间段, recently, lately, these days, this week, in the past few days, during the last two weeks, so far, up to now, until now等 .
注意:动词多为延续性动词
They’ve known each other since 1995.
(2) Tony has studied Chinese for a year.
一段时间的表达方法有两种:
注意:for 和since 所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间.
He has been away since last week.
He has been away for seven days.
How long
for: + 段时间 for an hour for two weeks
since 点时间(过去的), since nine since two days ago
一般过去时态的时间状语从句
since you came since you got home.
现在完成时与瞬间动词
瞬间动词可以用于现在完成时,但不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。例如:
1. He has left.
2. He has left for three years.
3. He has been away for three years.
×
√
√
catch (get) a col
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