中英合同翻译：用词不用词文本格式结构及叠词的使用.pdf

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（一） Contract 与 Agreement 的区别
在英语中， 合同一般称为 Contract ，协议一般称为 Agreement.
“contract ”？
1999 年中国《合同法》第二条对 contract 定义为： A contact in this Law refers to
an agreement establishing ， modifying and terminating the civil rights and obligations
between subjects of equal footing ， that is ， between natural persons ， legal persons
or other organizations “。根据这一定义，合同是平等主体之间设立的确定民事权利和义
务的协议。
Steven 编 著 的 “Law Dictionary ”中 将 contract 定 义 为 “contract is a
promise ， or a set of promises ， for breach of which the law gives remedy ， or the
performance of the which the law in some way recognize as a duty. ”根据这一定义，合
同是一种承诺， 违反承诺可以得到法律救助， 某种意义上法律将履行该承诺看做是一种
补偿。
Curzon 在其编撰的字典“A Dictionary of Law ”给contract 的定义：“Contract is
a legally binding agreement ”根据这一定义，合同就是有法律约束力的协议 。
综合起来， 有一个相同点， 就是“Contract is an agreement ”，即可将合同说成是“ An
agreement which binds the parties concerned ”或者说合同说成是“ An agreement
which is enforceable by law ”，也可以说：Contracts are promises that the law will
enforce.
“Agreement ”？
“A consensus of mind ， or evidence of such consensus ， in spoke or written
form ， relating to anything done or to be done. ”根据这一定义，协议是对已经做或准备
做的相关事宜，经过谈判、协商后取得一致意见，以口头或书面形式做出的约定。
Black “Law Dictionary ”有两个定义。一个是：“A concord of understanding and
intention between two or more parties with respect to the effect upon their relative
rights and duties ， of certain past or future facts or performance ”根据这一定义，协议
即双方或多方京某些过去或将来某些事实的相关权利、义务或相关权利、义务的履行而
达成的一致理解和愿望。
另一个是：“ The consent of two or more persons concurring respecting the
transmission of some property ， right or benefits ， with the view of contacting an
obligation ， a mutual obligati