上海地区工商业用户电价优化的可行性应用的分析研究.pdf

I 摘要目前我国两部制电价范围过小,且电价结构不合理,对两部制电价进行研究, 逐步完善两部制电价制度,扩大两部制电价执行范围,对推行电力市场的建设具有重要的指导意义。本文首先以行业类别与用电类别为基础,对 50~100KW 用户进行分类,然后对上海市 100KW 以上用户的两部制电价体系应用到 50~100KW 用户进行了适应性分析,得出将现有两部制电价应用在 50~100KW 用户中,会导致用户的平均电价出现增加,该两部制电价体系对用户负担较重,推行困难的结论。在适应性分析基础上, 针对现有的 50~100KW 工商业用户,选取其中有最大需量的用户作为研究样本,分析这些用户的最大需量,对两部制电价建立数学优化模型,运用数学规划算法,得到两部制电价优化方案,制定出相应的基本电价与分时电度电价。在对 50~100KW 工商业用户有最大需量记录用户的基础上,取小样本的比例利用小时数与平均电价相对差关系的散点图,通过曲线的最小二乘拟合得出总体用户规律的数学表达式, 并通过计算分析得出:总体用户和小样本的比例利用小时数规律分布相近;样本用户与总体用户平均电价基本吻合;总体用户和样本用户的基本电费占比、平均电价的与利用小时的关系的规律基本一致,验证了小样本的电价规律可以推广到总体用户上的结论。最后对两部制电价具体实施提出了总体思路和相关想法。本文研究结果是运用价格杠杆来促进 50~100KW 用户用电的合理化, 提高用电设备或最大负荷的利用率,为实现上海市的削峰填谷提供重要依据。关键词: 两部制电价;优化;最小二乘法;基本电价;电度电价华北电力大学硕士学位论文 II Abstract The current applying range of tw o-part electricity price in china is too narrow, and the price structure is irrational as well. It is necessary to study the two-part electricity price and improve the price system, which can expand the scope of implementation of two-part price and promote the electricity market construction in china. This article firstly carries 50~100kW user classification based on industry category and the electricity utilization category, and then analyses th e adaptability to implement the two-part electricity price system to the consumers with capacity from 50KW to 100KW. The analysis results show that the existing two-part el ectricity price system used in 50~100KW users can lead to user’s averag e price increasing, make users more burden and difficult implementation. Based on above adaptive analysis and aiming to the existing 50~100KW business users, the maximum demand users among them are selected as the research samples, and a ma thematical optimization model of two-part electricity price is established. The optimiza tion scheme of two-part electricity price is obtained and the corresponding basic electricity price an d time-sharing KWh-based electricity price are formulated. The sactte rplot chart between th e ratio using hour