磷酸三丁酯模板.docx

Nazar'ko, Rudakov, et al., 1981
Nazar'ko, .; Rudakov, .; Magomadov, .; Demichev, ., Thermophysical properties of tri-n-butyl phosphate mercaptan absorbent, Gazov. Prom-st., Ser.: Podgot. Pererab. Gaza Gazov. Kondens., 1981, No. 3, 13-16. [all data]
Use
TBP is a solvent and plasticizer for cellulose esters such as nitrocellulose and cellulose acetate. It forms stable hydrophobic complexes with some metals; these complexes are soluble in organic solvents as well as supercritical CO2. The major uses of TBP in industry are as a component of aircraft hydraulic fluid and as a solvent for extraction and purification of rare earth metals from their ores.[2]
TBP finds its use as a solvent in inks, synthetic resins, gums, adhesives (namely for veneer plywood) and herbicide and fungicide concentrates.
As it has no odour, it finds use as anti-foaming agent in detergent solutions, and in various emulsions, paints, and adhesives. It is also found as a defoamer in ethylene glycol-borax antifreeze solutions.[citation needed] In oil-based lubricants addition of TBP increases the oil film strength. It is used also in mercerizing liquids, where it improves their wetting properties. It is also used as a heat exchange medium.[3] TBP is used in some consumer products such as herbicides and water thinned paints and tinting bases.[4]
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合成方法
(POCl3)和正丁醇反应制得。
将丁醇加入酯化锅内, 冷却至10℃以下, 在搅拌下加入三氯氧磷, 反应湿度保持在30℃左右, 搅拌至反应结束。 加水洗涤, 静置分去水层, 再用10%碳酸钠溶液中和至pH值为7, 控制湿度在40℃以下, 中和后粗酯进行减压蒸馏脱醇, 再用水洗涤使酸度达成要求, 然后减压蒸馏, 除去低沸物后搜集150-180℃/- 馏分即得产品。
, 用加压空气搅拌, 温度不得超出40℃, 加完后搅拌3h, 排出氯化氢。
放冷后, 加入冷食盐水中, 吸去底层, 再用冷食盐水洗一次。 将洗净酸性二丁酯加入水中, 再用饱和碳酸钠溶液中和至ph值6～7, 然后加入食盐水饱和, 分出食盐溶液。 再加入无水硫酸钠振荡3h, 静置过夜, 进行减压分馏可得成品。
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于装有搅拌器、 温度计、 回流冷凝器、 滴液漏斗反应瓶中, 加入无水正丁醇（2）222g（）, 吡啶260g（）, 无水苯300mL。 搅拌下冰盐浴冷却至-5℃, 慢慢滴加三氯氧磷153g（）。 控制反应温度不超出10℃。 加完后慢慢加热至回流, 并保持在此温度下反应2h。 冷却后加入水500mL, 以溶剂吡咯盐①。 分出苯层, 水洗。 无水硫酸钠干燥。 减压蒸馏, 搜集160～162℃/2,0kPa馏分, 得磷酸三