运用概念整合理论分析英语委婉语.doc

Acknowledgements
I greatly appreciate all the support that has been given on the thesis presented here. First and foremost, I should like to express my sincere gratitude to my adviser, Professor Zhang Haiying, for her deep insight and great patience as well as constructive comments in aiding me throughout the process of writing this thesis. Without her thought-provoking instructions and constant encouragement, the thesis would not appear in the present form.
Secondly, my gratitude also goes to other professors and teachers for their illuminating lectures and precious advices which inspired and nurtured me during my study for master degree at the college of Foreign languages of Shanghai Maritime University.
Thirdly, my heartfelt gratitude is extended to all of my friends, classmates who have offered me helpful suggestion and valuable reference books during the writing of this thesis.
And last but not least, I owe special thanks to my family who, in one way or another, helped me all the time in the completion of this thesis.
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摘 要
“委婉语如此深深地嵌入我们的语言，以至于我们中间没有谁（即使那些自诩为直截了当的人）能够在不使用委婉语的情况下过完每一天的”。（Rawson, 1995：1）
很久以来，很多学者从修辞学，语义学，语用学，社会语言学等角度对英语委婉语都各有特色，但从认知角度进行研究的却很少。因此本文试图从概念整合理论出发, 通过框架和映射二个视角来探讨英语委婉语的意义生成机制和解读过程。文章所用语料几乎全部出自国内一部最权威的英语委婉语词典：刘纯豹教授所编《英语委婉语词典》, 希望能给英语委婉语认知研究提供更加有力的语料来源。
全文共分为五章。
第一章主要是论文的研究目的，意义，委婉语认知角度研究的文献综述，以及论文的结构。
第二章概述英语委婉语的定义，历史，动机，以及构成。
第三章主要介绍概念整合理论。
第四章通过概念整合理论中框架(Frame)和映射(Mappings)二个视角，结合实例对英语委婉语的意义生成机制和解读过程进行具体分析。
第五章是对全文的总结。
通过分析，我们得知：在概念整合理论指导下，凭借框架(Frame)，映射(Mappings) 二个视角，很多英语委婉语都能得到很详尽的认知诠释。就英语委婉语的认知机制来说，从模糊的语义意义到清晰的语用意义就是一个认知过程。在其过程中听者对于禁忌语的注意力不再集中而是极大的扩散从而使禁忌所带来不佳的影响大幅度的被淡化，甚至暂时地被掩饰。
关键词：概念整合; 英语委婉语; 框架; 映射；认知机制
Abstract
“Euphemisms are embedded so deeply in our language that few of us, even those who pride themselves on (in) being plain-spoken, ever go through a day without them”. (Rawson, 1995：1)
English euphemisms have long attracted much attention from scholars from various perspectives such