MODULE 1
Concepts and terminology for describing language
描述语言的术语及概念
GRAMMAR 语法
Active voice 主动语态
passive voice. 被动语态
Adjective 形容词
comparative adjective 形容词比较级
demonstrative adjective 指代形容词
possessive adjective 所有格形容词 (代词所有格)
A superlative adjective 形容词最高级
Adverb 副词
Auxiliary verb: 助动词
Article 冠词
An article can be definite (the), indefinite (a) or zero (-), . I was at (-) home in the sitting room when I heard a noise。
Aspect
A way of looking at verb forms not purely in relation to time. The perfect, continuous and simple are aspects. The continuous aspect, for example, suggests that something is happening temporarily.
Base form of the verb: 动词基本形式
Clause 从句
A clause consists of a verb and (generally) a subject. A clause can be a full sentence or a part of a sentence.
Main clause 主句
When the teacher arrived, the students stopped talking.
Subordinate clause 从句
When the teacher arrived, the students stopped talking.
Relative clause 定语从句
The students who were sitting near the front stood up。
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Collective noun: 集合名词
Compound noun: 复合名词
Conditional 条件句
First conditional, 第一条件句
Second conditional, 第二条件句
Third conditional 。 第三条件句
Conjunction 连词
A conjunction (or connector) is used to connect words, phrases, clauses or sentences, e.g. I like tea but I don't like coffee because it’s too strong for me.
Connector: 连词
Countable noun: 可数名词
Demonstrative adjective: 指示形容词.
Demonstrative pronoun: 指示代词.
Dependent preposition: 非独立介词
Determiner 限定词
A determiner is used to make clear which noun is referred to, or to give information about quantity, and includes words such as the, a, this, that, my, some, e。g. That car is mine。
Direct speech 直接引语
The actual words someone says, e.g。 He said, ‘My name is Ron.’
First conditional: see conditional forms。
Gerund, -ing form 动名词形式
A noun which is
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