现在完成时课件.ppt

English
英语教学课件
Module 4
A Social Survey---My Neighborhood
Grammar
高一外研版必修一
现在完成进行时
现在完成进行时表示某一动作在过去开始发生, 已经持续到现在, 并且还将持续, 或刚刚停止。其构成:
have (has) +been + doing
我学英语已经学了十年了。
I have been learning English for three years.
我等你已经等了三个小时了。
I have been waiting three hours for you.
比较一般过去时与现在完成时
一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或
单纯叙述过去的事情, 强调动作; 现在完成
时为过去发生的, 强调过去的事情对现在的
影响, 强调的是影响。
(2) 一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,
而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,
或无时间状语。
一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, last week, …ago, in1980, in October, just now等, 皆为具体的时间状语。
现在完成时的时间状语: for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, up to now, in the past … years,等, 皆不确定的时间状语。
(3) 现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状
态, 动词一般是延续性的, 如live, teach, learn,
work, study, know。
一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go,
leave, start, die, finish, become, get married
等。
例如：
I saw this film yesterday. (强调看的动作发生
过了)
I have seen this film.
(强调对现在的影响, 电影的内容已经知道了)
He has been in the League for three years.
(在团内的状态可延续)
He has been a League member for three years. (是团员的状态可持续)
She has returned from Paris.
（她已从巴黎回来了。）
She returned yesterday.
（她是昨天回来的。）
注意：句子中如有一般过去时的时间副词（如
yesterday, last week, in 1960）时，不能使用现
在完成时，要用过去时。
例如：
(错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last
night.
（对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last
night.
(1). It is the first / second time.... that…结构
中的从句部分, 用现在完成时。例如：
It is the first time that I have visited the city.
This is the first time (that) I’ve heard him
sing.
用于现在完成时的句型
注意: It was the third time that the boy had
been late.
(2) This is +形容词最高级+that…结构, that
从句要用现在完成时。
例如：
This is the best film that I’ve (ever) seen.