宁夏彭阳县地质灾害危险性评价的分析研究.pdf

摘要黄土地区是我国地质灾害高度发育的区域之一。由于地质灾害的必然性和区域性以及当前的国民经济水平的限制,不可能对所有地质灾害点进行工程治理。因此,在研究黄土地区地质灾害形成发育特点及分布规律的基础上,进行地质灾害危险性评价研究, 将为政府及国土规划部门进行国土规划、减灾防灾、灾害管理与决策提供可靠依据。传统地质灾害危险性评价多在广泛的野外调查基础上进行,以定性评价为主,数据的获取和结果的图示表达主要由手工完成。随着GIS技术引入地质灾害危险性评价研究领域,使得地质灾害危险性评价从传统的繁复手工劳作中解放出来,缩短了评价周期, 为地质灾害危险性的动态评价提供了基础。本文结合宁夏彭阳县地质灾害详细调查的实际工作,基于GIS、运用信息量模型实现了彭阳县地质灾害危险性评价。评价结果与实际情况比较吻合。具体内容如下: (1)在遥感解译及实地调查基础上,完成了宁夏彭阳县历史地质灾害编目,掌握了彭阳县地质灾害发育概况、类型; (2)在实地野外调查及研究彭阳县自然地质环境条件的基础上,阐明了宁夏彭阳县地质灾害发育特征、时空分布规律及彭阳县地质灾害形成条件和机理; (3)在研究国内外研究成果的基础上,归纳总结了地质灾害危险性评价基本理论, 完善了基于GIS的地质灾害危险性评价思路; (4)完成了彭阳县地质灾害危险性评价空间数据库系统的建设; (5)构建了彭阳县地质灾害危险性评价指标体系,并对彭阳县地质灾害危险性评价指标体系中各指标的提取及评价单元的划分进行了大量有意义的尝试: (6)最终,基于GIS、运用信息量模型实现了彭阳县地质灾害危险性评价,评价结果与实际情况比较吻合; (7)结合彭阳县地质灾害危险性评价工作,提出了彭阳县地质灾害防治对策建议。关键词:宁夏彭阳县,地质灾害,危险性评价,GIS,信息量模型 Abstract In our country,loess area is one ofthe places where thegeological hazard ishighly a resultofinevitability and regionality ofgeological hazard,as well as the restriction ofthe current national economic level,it isimpossible tocontrol allthegeological hazard ,based on the study ofgeological hazard characteristics、laws of temporal andspatial distribution as wellasformation conditions inlossesareas,thestudy on geological hazard assessment willprovide Government and theLand Planning Department 晰m reliablebasisoflandplanning,hazard prevention andreduction,hazard management and decision-making. Traditional geological hazard assessment is on thebasis ofvast fieldsurvey,mainly qualitative dataacquisition and theexpression ofachievement pleted using GIS technology,geological hazard assessment isliberatedfrom plicated manual labor,shortens theassessment cycleandprovides thebasis forthe dynamic with geological hazard detailed investigation in Pengyang,the geological hazard assessment isbased on theGISand theinformation model. Assessment resultsare ordance witllthe ontents areas follows: (1)On thebasis ofremote sensing interpretation an