汉译英之主语的选择全解.ppt

he choice of Subjects
主语的逃拌
分析下列句子的主谓结构

?。
?
。
?,天经地义。
?
?
?,名叫愚公。
英语的主语主要有七大类
、施动主语( agentive subject
Susan is growing flowers.
2、受动主语 affected subject
Her books translate well
3、工具主语( instrumental subject)
A stone broke the glass
4、地点主语( locative subject)
The jar contains honey
5、时间主语( temporal subject)
Yesterday was Monday
6、事件主语( eventive subject
The dispute over the problem lasted a decade
7、it作主语,表时间、气候或距离: It is late./ t is hot.
it作形式主语: It is impossible to finish the work
:主题十述题结构:主语句法功能弱
英语为主语语言:主语十谓语结构∶主语句法功能强
例如
这件事你不用操心
主题
述题
1: This you don't need to worry about
You don't need to worry about this
This is not something you need to worry about
There is no need for you to worry about this
?1)论文我们已经写了一大半了
We have finished a good part of the papers
?3)这些材料我们只够盖一栋房子
We could only build one house with these
materials
1)热烈欢迎世界各地客商来此进一步加强合作,建立和
发展贸易关系。
Customers from various countries and regions are
warmly welcome to establish and develop business
contacts
2)希望今后上海能够与更多的外国城市结为友好城市。
It is hoped that shanghai will establish friendl
relations with more foreign cities in the future
3)经常接触某人或某事往往会让人产生喜欢。
Frequent exposure to something or someone will cause
liking
汉译英中,主语的确立是句子翻译的第一步。选择了一定的主
语,基本决定了
走向。主语选择恰
就便于
构造了。常常选择不同成分作主语,决定了不同的组句方式。
人不可貌相,海水不可斗量。
A. a person can not be judged from his appearance just as an
ocean can not be measured by pints
B It is impossible to judge people from their appearances
and impossible to measure the ocean by pints
C. We can't judge people from their appearance, just as we
cant measure the ocean by pints
主语选择合适,便于构句
為;蚤挲通真朵定衣鼓箱曼氚盆绝的,这
2 a. Due to Long distances and lack of transport facilities . the rural
areas are isolated from the outside world, which is made more
serious by the lack of communication instruments
?(基本保留了原文句法结构
? b. Long dis