定语从句复习.ppt

定语从句复****br/>关系词的用法：
关系词

关系词的作用：
1、关系代词
2、关系副词:
1）指人： that, who, whom, whose
2）指物： that, which, whose
3）指某一情况：which, as
1、引导定语从句；
2、代替先行词；
3、在定语从句中充当成份。
when, where, why
【选择关系词的原则】
⑴ 看先行词是什么：是人、物、时间、地点、原因还是方式；
⑵ 看定语从句里差什么句子成分：差主、宾、表、定还是状语；
⑶ 看整个句子意思和结构：确定是否是定语从句，以区别于其他
从句或强调结构等；
⑷ 看特例：须用that、which、as等的各自情况。
【介词选择的原则】 看****惯搭配可上下文意思。
1、根据介词与先行词的****惯搭配；
2、根据定语从句里 v/adj 短语的****惯搭配；
3、根据整个句子意思，结合介词的词义进行选择。
4、介词+关系代词可以代换成相应的关系副词when、where、
why，但如果代换后会引起句意模糊，则不能代换。
（一） 关系代词的用法：
1、指人：
who
whom
that
whose
Examples:
She is the girl _________ sells flowers.
Here is the man _____________ you are looking for.
I have a friend ______ father is a doctor.
=the father of whom = of whom the father
主语/宾语（口语中）（能引导非限）
宾语（能引导非限）
主语/宾语（不能引导非限）
定语（= of whom）（能引导非限）
who/that
whom/who/that
whose
)
(
2、指物：
that
which
whose
Examples:
Football is a game _________ is liked by most boys.
This is the pen _________ I bought yesterday.
I like the book _______ cover is red.
= I like the book _______ the cover is red.
= I like the book, _______________ is red.
主语/宾语（不能引导非限）
主语/宾语 （能引导非限）
定语（相当于of which）
which/that
(
)
which/that
whose
of which
the cover of which
3、as、which可指某一情况：
引导非限定性定语从句，指整个主句的内容
as
which
Examples:
Tom suddenly fell ill, _____ made us sad.
_____ we all know, the earth is round.
=The earth is round, as we all know.
一般放于主句前或主句后，意为“正如……，据……”
只放于主句后，不可放于句首
which
As
注：在限制性定语从句中，先行词被such, the same, as, so修饰时，通常用as引导定语从句。
It is such an interesting story as every child likes.
as/which引导非限制性
定语从句代替整个主句时的区别
1、 as有“正如、就象”之意，强调主、从句内容上“一致性”；
3、 如果强调主句和从句之间的因果关系或内容不一致时，多用which（有时可= and this/that);
4、 as引导非限定可以位于主句前、主句后、主句中；which定从只能位于主句后。
As is often the case, he is late again.
He came late again, which made his teacher very angry.
He got first prize, which was unexpected.