聚碳酸酯%2f聚丙烯%2f凹凸棒土复合体系制备及结构和性能的研究.pdf

聚碳酸酯/聚丙烯/凹凸棒土复合体系的制备及结构与性能的研究摘要本论文采用两步法熔融共混工艺制备了聚碳酸酯(PC)/聚丙烯(PP) /凹凸棒土(AT)复合材料,即先将经表面预处理的Ar包裹在PP中,再通过熔融共混技术加入到PC基体中,并借助凝胶气相色谱(GPc)、塑化仪、热重分析仪(TGA)、万能材料试验仪、冲击试验仪、差示扫描量热仪、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等分析手段对复合体系的微观结构和宏观性能进行了系统的研究。结果表明:两步法熔融共混工艺可以有效地抑制PC/PP,AT复合材料中PC的降解,并可制得性能优异的三元复合材料。TEM观察发现,在三元复合体系中AT主要以纳米针状短纤维形式分散于PP相中,在Pc中未发现AT的分布。这种具有胶囊型结构的PP/AT分散相对三元复合体系的性能有很大的影响。随着AT含量增加,三元复合体系的强度和模量也呈现上升的趋势;当AT 添加量为2份左右时(树脂含量为loo份),复合材料的冲击强度达到最大值,较纯Pc提高150%,较PC/PP二元体系提高30%。此外,本文还结合复合材料的冲击断面形貌观察,分析了三元复合体系的增韧机理。本论文的实验结果及所获得的结论对进一步研究开发AT在聚合物中的应用提供了基础数据和理论依据,具有重要的理论和实际应用意义。关键词:聚碳酸酯、聚丙烯、凹凸棒土、复合材料 STUDY ON THE PREPARATION AND RELATIoNSHIP BETWEEN STRUCTURE AND PERFoRMANCE oF PoLYCARBARNATES,POLYPROPYLENE,PoSITES Abstract Polycarbonates(Pc)/p01ypmpylene(PP)/att印ulgite(AT) composites were prepared bytwo—step melt blendin&that is,PP melt blended with surfacemodified AT prior toblending with micmstructure and macro—properties ofthePC/PP/posites were studiedsystematically by means of a series ofadVanced analyticaltecllll0109y such as gel penneation chromatography(GPc),Haake rheometer’thermogravimetry analysis(TGA), tensiIe tester, impact tester,d;虢rential scaTuling calorimete“DSC), transmission electron microscope(TEM), scanning ronmicroscope(SEM).It was found thattwo—step meltblending was an ef话ctiVeway topreVent PC posites矗om de鲈adation,and thusproVided afeasibleappmach topmduce posites toTEM results,AT was distributedinPP phase幽er than PC phase jnthefonn ofnano— PP/AT phase with“encapsulation’’stmcture had great efrect on theproperties of PC/PP/Ar posites:The strength and modulus posites increased as Ar content increased; posites with a content of2(weight,1 00fortheresin)had themaximum impact strength, 50%higher than thatofPC,30%higher than that of PC/PP ,the toughening mechanism posites was discussed on thebasisofSEM results. The resultsand conclusions obtained could proVide imponant data theoretical support forme research