1、dominant predominant sovereignﻫ这些形容词均含有“占优势的,支配其它的”之意。ﻫdominant : 强调权威。ﻫThe British were formerly dominant in India.(英国人从前统治印度。)
predominant : 侧重指影响与新近的优势。ﻫThe predominant feature of his character was pride.(他的性格中主要的特点是骄傲。)
sovereign : 侧重指其他事物都从属于或低于它的。ﻫThe Queen has sovereign power.(女王握有统治权。)
2、disgrace humiliate shame dishonorﻫ这些动词均含“使丢脸、使受耻辱”之意。ﻫdisgrace : 侧重在别人,尤其在众人面前丢脸。ﻫThey have disgraced the whole school.(他们给整个学校都丢了脸。)
humiliate : 强调受辱者自尊心的损坏。
Parents are humiliated if their children behave badly when guests are present.(子女在客人面前举止失当, 父母也失体面。)
shame : 指由不光彩或不道德的行为引起的惭愧感或羞耻感。ﻫThe class's unruly behavior shamed the teacher.(这班学生不守规矩的行为使老师感到羞愧。)
dishonor : 有时可与disgrace换用,但前者是指因失去荣誉所致。ﻫThere’s no dishonor in losing.(失败并不是耻辱。)
4、discern discriminate distinguishﻫ这些动词均有“区别、辨别”之意。ﻫdiscern : 语义较笼统,着重精深与准确的观察力,不一定有能分辨关系密切的各项事物的含义。ﻫI soon discerned that the man was lying.(我很快便察觉出这个人是在撒谎。)ﻫdiscriminate : 语气强,指从十分相似的事物中辨出差异,尤其把好坏区分开来。ﻫThey can discriminate hundreds of colors.(他们能分辨上百种颜色。)ﻫdistinguish : 普通用词,指辨别者的能力或实际观察到的区别,强调辨别所需的技巧。ﻫWe can distinguish between gold and silver.(我们能区分金和银。)
5、describe represent sketch picture
这些动词均有“描写、描述”之意。ﻫdescribe : 侧重指描述细节,给读者或听众提供清晰的视觉图像。ﻫShe described in detail their resisting the invaders.(她详细叙述了他们抵抗侵略者的事迹。)ﻫrepresent : 指有代表性或象征性地描述或讲述。ﻫThe painting represents the scene of a bumper harvest.(这幅画描绘了丰收的景象。)ﻫsketch : 指快速地勾勒或概
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