( By Chen Qiuliang )
第一部分:语法要点
(考点分析及归纳)
一、名词
【考点一】 可数名词的单、复数
( )1. The teacher said we needed to choose three _____ for the school concert.
A. peoples B. doctors C. singers
( )2. ---- would you like some more _____?
---- Thanks, I’m full already.
A. banana B. cake C. Bread
【要点归纳1】单数名词前用a \ an , the , one; 名词复数形式前用基数词,some , any , the等。
【要点归纳2】可数名词复数形式的规则变化。
1、 一般情况在词尾加s。 a book-----three books
2、 以s,x,ch ,sh结尾的词在末尾加es。如: a bus ----- some buses
(box,watch,speech,bus,brush,bench,beach,boss,church。)
3、 以辅音字母加y结尾的,改y为i , 再加es。如: a factory ----many factories
(baby,city,story,party,lady,country ,diary—diaries,army,century,copy,)
4、 以f,fe结尾的,有的直接加s;有的把f,fe改为ve再加s。
a knife----- a lot of knives
( wife—wives,life—lives ; half,leaf ,wolf,thief, self ,shelf )
5、以o结尾的名词变复数:
① 加s: radios , piano; kilo—kilos ; zoo—zoos,
He took many photos in the park last week.
② 加es:
Negro—Negroes,hero—heroes , potato—potatoes,tomato—tomatoes,
【要点归纳3】可数名词复数形式的不规则变化。
1、元音或词尾发生变化。如:
man,woman,tooth,foot,child , mouse , postman , goose。
2、单复数形式相同。如:sheep,deer, fish,Chinese,Japanese,yuan。
3、形式为单数意思为复数。如:people,police。
4、形式为复数意思为单数。如:maths,physics,the United States ,news(un)。
5、只用复数形式。如: pants , shorts,clothes,glasses。
6、 国家人名的词变复数。如:
a Chinese—two Chinese, one Japanese—some Japanese;
Englishman—Englishmen,Frenchman—Frenchmen(但 German—Germans);
Russian—Russians,(Indian,Canadian,American。
【考点二】不可数名词的量的表示
( )3. --- Would you like some drinks, boys? ---Yes, _____ please.
A. some oranges B. some cakes C. two bottles of orange
【要点归纳】
1、常见不可数名词 room milk water bread homework housework work news time money weather music knowledge rain information advice ink wood cotton silk air grass coffee traffic hope peace luck health sugar beef pork salt porridge
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