船舶电力负荷计算方法及电算处理.docx

课程名称：船舶电站自动控制系统与管理
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任课教师：尚前明
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完成时间： 2014年 6月 28日
船舶电力负荷计算方法及电算处理
【 摘要 】
船舶电站是船舶动力的主要提供者， 是船舶电力系统的核心， 船舶电站对保证船舶航行
的安全性、 经济性具有重要的意义。 根据船舶负荷的供电要求准确的设计电站的容量将直接
影响到船舶运行的经济指标。 船舶电站容量过大， 电站长期处在低负荷运行的状态下， 导致 运行效率降低， 同时与之相配的电器设备也会因为大容量的需求而增加了成本， 造成了资金 的浪费。
船舶电站容量不等于全船所有用电设备的标称电功率的总和， 也不等于船舶某一运行工
况下所有用电设备标称电功率的总和。 在船舶电站设计中， 要确定船舶电站的总容量和发电
机组的数量及单机功率， 首先就要计算出船舶在各种运行工况下电力负荷所需总功率。 根据 计算所得的总功率， 再考虑总的同时使用系数、 网络损失和储备容量等因素， 才能确定电站 发电机组的功率和数量。因此，正确的电力负荷计算，合理的电站配置，显得愈为重要。
【 关键字 】运行工况 负荷系数 三类负荷法 需要系数法
Ship power load calculation methods and its computer processing
Abstract ： Ship power station is the main provider of Marine power, is the core of electric power system of ship. Ship power station has the vital significance of the safety of navigation and economy of ships. According to the requirements of the accurate design of the power plant capacity will directly affect the operation of economic indicators of the ship. Ship power plant capacity is too large, power plants are in a state of low load operation for a long time, results in the decrease of operation efficiency, at the same time because of the large capacity requirements for electrical equipment the cost increases, causing a waste of money.
Ship power station capacity ranging from all over the ship the sum of all the nominal power of electrical equipment, and also is not equal to ship a the sum of all the nominal electric power electrical equipment running condition. In ship power station design, in order to determine the total capacity of the ship power station and power of generating units and the number of single generating unit, calculating power load under various operating conditions is needed. The calculation of the total power, considering the simultaneity usage coefficient , factors such as network loss and reserve capacity at the same time, is to determine the power and quantity of the generating unit. Therefore, the correct power load calculation, reasonable power plant