英汉语言的比较分析词语汇总PPT学习教案.pptx

会计学
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英汉语言的比较分析词语汇总
Teaching Plan
Teaching Contents:
1. An introduction to Chinese language from the views of language family, Language types, Writing system, Phonetics, Vocabulary, Word order, Function words, Sentence structure, Style, etc.
2. An introduction to English language from the views of language family, Language types, Writing system, Phonetics, Vocabulary, Word order, Function words, Sentence structure, Style, etc.
3. Comparison and Contrast of C-E languages
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Vocabulary
I. Sematic contrast
1. 汉语: “历史悠久”
英语: “融汇百川”
2. 汉英词汇对应的依据:
客观世界大体相同
人的生理结构一样
3. 汉英词汇不对应的原因:
文化 (自然环境、 社会历史、 思维方式 、宗教信仰、 风俗****惯等）
表现为：词汇空缺、词汇冲突
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comparison of Chinese and English word formation
The Similarity of word formation between Chinese and English:
Compounding（合成法）: such as
心跳，心眼，分明，血迹
greenhand， overtranslation，deaf-mute
Affixation（缀合法）： such as
非人，非金属, 老鼠,老虎
International, worker, impossible
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Sound-changing（音变法）：
传授，传记; 成长，长短
record, present, survey
Abbreviation（缩略法）：
北京大学－北大；西藏民族学院－民院
very important person-VIP；April-Apr.
borrowing(借词）：
安琪儿， 交响乐，冰激淋；
litchi, jiaozi, panda, moon cake, Peking Opera, brick tea.
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2. The differences of word formation between Chinese and English:
Chinese can use Reduplication to create new words, such as 爸爸，毛毛雨，仔仔细细等。
And English can use Back-formation and Clipping ,conversion to create new words.
babysitter →babysit；editor → edit, burglar → burgle
smog+=smoke+fog; medicare=medical+care
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词具有指称意义(denotation)和蕴涵意义(connotation)，因而难译。
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Denotation refers to the literal meaning of a word, the "dictionary definition."¨ For example, if you look up the word snake in a dictionary, you will discover that one of its denotative meanings is "any of numerous scaly, legless, sometimes venomous reptiles having a long, tapering, cylindrical body and found in most tropical and temperate regions."
Connotation
on t