冀教版初级中学一年级英语(上)期末复习要点讲解.doc

【期末复习要点讲解】
一、词汇复习
1. 词型变化
a. 名词复数
△在词尾直接加-s。
map—maps, kite—kites,
month—months teacher—teachers,
△以s, x, o, ch, sh结尾的词,在词尾加-es.
class—classes, box—boxes, tomato—tomatoes
potato—potatoes, match—matches, dish—dishes
但photo—photos, piano—pianos
△以“辅音字母+y”结尾的单词,需将y改为i,再加-es。
family—families, factory—factories , story—stories
△以f或fe结尾的词,需将f或fe变为v,再加-es。
knife—knives, leaf—leaves,
△不规则变化:
child—children, foot—feet, tooth—teeth,
man—men, woman—women,
b. 动词的第三人称单数形式。
动词的第三人称单数形式的词型变化与名词复数形式基本相同。例如:
play—plays, go—goes, do—does,
dress—dresses, watch—watches, brush—brushes,
wash—washes, fly—flies, try—tries, have—has,
2. 代词:
a. 要熟记各人称的代词的各种形式,见下表。
b. 形容词性物主代词只能作定语,因此其后一定有名词;名词性物主代词相当于一个名词,其后不会有名词。
例如:Your book is on the desk , mine is in my bag .
c. some 和any,既可修饰可数名词,又可以修饰不可数名词,some用于肯定句,any用于否定句和疑问句。
He has some story books , but he doesn’t have any picture books .
There is some milk in the glass .
Are there any chairs in the classroom ?
3. 介词
我们主要复习一下介词in, on, at在表示时间时的用法上的区别:
△in常用在年、月、季节之前,例如:
in 1996, in summer, in June ,
或用来泛指在上午,在下午,在晚上。
in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening
△on用来表示某一天,或某天的上午/下午/晚上,例如:
on Monday, on July 1st,
on Sunday morning.
on the night of October 1st .
△at用来表示时刻,例如:at 6:30 at 7:00
4. 名词所有格
“’s”通常表示所属关系,与名词一起构成名词所有格,我们学了下列几种情况:
a. 单数名词后加-’s,例如:
Mary’s father, my sister’s room .
b. 两个或两个以上的名词,只加一个“-’s”,例如:
Jack and Jim’s room ,
Mr. and Mrs. Carter’s house
c. 复数名词后只加“’”,例如:
the teachers’ office,
students’ reading - room .
d. 如复数名词不是加-s构成的,则仍加“-’s”例a children’s book, Women’s Day
5. 短语:
记忆短语是英语初学者一件重要而有趣的任务,而养成用短语造句的习惯更是一种好的学习方法,请你试一试,我们可以把本册课文中学过的短语分为四大类:名词短语、介词短语、(表语)形容词短语和动词短语,分别举例如下:
名词短语:
swimming pool , classroom building ,
Beijing opera, a pocket - recorder
介词短语:
at Beijing Middle School , on Friday, against the wall,
(表语)形容词短语
be good at, be interested in, be / get ready to do , be late for ……