韩春茂水电解质和酸碱平衡失调的处理PPT学习教案.pptx

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韩春茂水电解质和酸碱平衡失调的处理
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Interstitial fluid:  Functioning components (90%) Nonfunctioning components(10%) connective tissue water and transcellular  water, which includes cerebrospinal and  joint fluids.
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Osmotic PressureThe physiologic and chemical activity of electrolytes depends on the number of particles (present per unit volume (moles or millimoles per liter), the number of electrical charges per unit volume( equivalents or milliequvalents per liter),and the number of osmoles or milliosmoles per liter)
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A Mole =the molecular weight of that substance in grams Eg:a mole of NaCl:58 grams(Na,23; Cl, 35)
An Equivalent of an ion =its atomic weight expressed in grams divided by the :Ca++ 1 millimole equals 2 milliequivalents
Osmole refers to the actual number of osmotically active particals present in solution. 1mmol NaCl, 2mOsm;1mmol Na2SO4,3 mOs; 1 mmol glucose,1mOsm.
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In each compartment the total number of osmotically active particles is 290 to 310 mOsm.
The effective osmotic pressure depends on those substances that fail to pass through the pores of the semipermeable membrane. Such as sodium , glucose.
The cell membranes are completely permeable to water. Any condition that alters the effective osmotic pressure in either compartment causes redistribution of water between the compartments.
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