中考语法—主谓一致讲解(共16张PPT).pptxSubject-verb concord 主谓一致 在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。 语法一致(语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致) 1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。 Eg:His father is working on the farm. To study English well is not easy The children were in the classroom two hours ago. 注意:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。 Eg:What I bought were three English books. What I say and do is (are) helpful to you. 2. 由连接词and或both .. and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词. Eg:Lucy and Lily are twins. Both she and he are Young Pioneers. 注意:(1)若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式 Eg:The writer and artist has come. (2)由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。 Eg:Every student and every teacher was in the room. 主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。 Eg:Mr. Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China. Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。 Eg:Each of us has a new book. Everything around us is matter. 在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词(或代词)”作主语时,其谓语动词也可用复数。 Eg:Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. (2)若none of后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。 None of us has (have) been to America. 在定语从句时,关系代词that, who, which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。 Eg:He is one of my friends who are working hard. He is the only one of my friends who is working hard. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。 Eg:Class Four is on the third floor. Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor. 由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。 Eg:The rest of the lecture is wonderful. There are a lot of peop