great seientists learning about language学案人教版(必修5).docx
Period Two Learning about Language Grammar:The Past Participle (1) as the Attribute and Predicative 过去分词作表语和定语 1.过去分词作定语 (1)单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前,有时也放在被修饰的名词之后。 My friend is a returned student. 我的朋友是个归国的留学生。 The excited people rushed into the hall. 冲动的人们冲进大厅。 There is no time 了。 (2)过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面,作后置定语,其作用相当于一个定语从句。 The student dressed in white is my daughter. =The student who is dressed in white is my daughter. 穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。 Is there anything planned for tonight? =Is there anything that has been planned for tonight? 今晚安排了什么活动没有? The book,written in 1957,tells the struggle of the miners. =The book,which was written in 1957,tells the struggle of the miners. 这本书是1957年写的,讲的是关于矿工斗争的故事。 过去分词作定语与所修饰词之间存在两种意义关系:一是及物动词表被动意义(或已完成的被动动作);二是不及物动词表示完成意义。 an organized trip有组织的旅行(被动) The question discussed was very important. 被讨论的咨询 题特不 重要。(即表被动又表完成) boiled water开水(完成) fallen leaves落叶(完成) 2.过去分词作表语 过去分词作表语,表示主语所处的状态(用作表语的过去分词大多已形容词化)。这种构造从形式上看与被动语态一样,但后者表示主语所承受的动作。 He is very tired after a long walk. 走了非常长的路,他感到非常累。(系表构造) This window is 窗户破了。(系表构造) This window was broken by the naughty boy there. 那个 窗户是被那边那个顽皮的男孩打破的。(被动语态) 3.如今分词和过去分词作定语的区不: 如今分词作定语表示主动意义,过去分词作定语一般表示被动含义。 如今分词作定语表示动作正在进展,过去分词作定语表示状态或动作已完成。 The child standing over there is my brother. 站在那儿的男孩是我弟弟。 The room facing south is our classroom. 朝南的房间是我们的教室。 He is
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