现在完成时专练
现在完成时的基本运用
1. 现在完成时的构成
现在完成时的构成为:助动词have/has+动词的过去分词
2. 现在完成时的用法
①表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果。如:
—Have you had your lunch yet?你吃过午饭了吗?
—Yes,I have. I've just had ,我刚吃过。(现在不饿了)
②表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态,可能还要持续下去,常与for或since连用。表示持续的动作或状态多为延续性动词。如:
He has lived here since ,他就住在这儿。
I have learnt English for ten 。
注意:非延续性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。必须把非延续性动词改为相应的表示延续性的动词或短语,这时可与表示一段时间的状语连用。常见的非延续性动词通常作如下变换:come →be in,leave →be away,buy →have,borrow →keep,die →be dead,begin →be on,close →be closed,open →be open,join →be in/be a member of,go/come there→be there,get married →be married,catch a cold →have a cold,return →be back,fall ill→be ill,become →be,has gone to →has been in等。如:
误:I have bought this computer for two years.
正:I have had this computer for two years.
我买这台电脑有两年了。
③与现在完成时连用的时间状语:already,yet,just,ever,never,before,so far,these days,in/during the past few years,for+一段时间,since+过去的时间点,since+一般过去时的从句等。
—Dave,we will leave in 10 minutes. Are you ready?
—No,I ________ our guide book and towels yet.(2013,玉林)
A.don't pack B.didn't pack
C.have packed D.haven't packed
解析:根据no可知,还没有准备好,排除C;根据句意“Dave,我们将10分钟后出发。你准备好了吗?”可知从过去到现在还没准备好,是对现在的一种影响,由标志词yet可知,应用现在完成时。
答案:__D__
His grandma has ________ for 5 years.(2014,衡阳)
A.died B.been died C.been dead
解析:由句中时间状语“for 5 years”可知,本题应用现在完成时且动词应用延续性动词。
答案:__C__
现在完成时的难点
1. 非延续性动
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