artifact weathering, anthropogenic microparticles and lead contamination in urban soils at former demolition sites, detroit, michigan外文.pdf

Environmental Pollution 179 (2013) 1e12
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Artifact weathering, anthropogenic microparticles and lead
contamination in urban soils at former demolition sites, Detroit,
Michigan
Jeffrey L. Howard a,*, Brian R. Dubay a, W. Lee Daniels b
a Department of Geology, 0224 Old Main Bldg., Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
b Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, 244 Smyth Hall, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
article info abstract
Article history: A chronological sequence of urban soils 3e92 years old was studied to determine the effects of time on
Received 18 January 2013 morphogenesis, artifact weathering, and the geochemical partitioning of Pb. Key chronofunctions deter-
Received in revised form mined are an increase in ^A horizon Development Index (defined herein based on soil color) and water-
22 March 2013
soluble Pb, and a decrease in pH and C/N, with increasing soil age. Key artifact weathering reactions
Accepted 28 March 2013
are: 1) portlandite in mortar altered to calcite, 2) ferrite in wrought-iron altered to ferrihydrite and
goethite, and 3) carbonaceous materials altered to water-soluble organic substances. Mortar and wrought-
Keywords:
iron were found to be Pb-bearing, but weather to produce immobilizing agents. Hence, they are both a
Lead
Pollution source and a