第1章翻译基础.doc

第1章翻译基础
第一章 翻译的基本知识 An Introduction to the Course of Translation
﹡Literal translation at word level:
Almond eye杏眼, moon face满月脸, a work full of sound and color有声有色的作品,heartless and brainless既没心肝又没头脑, milk the cow挤牛奶; mad cow disease; chain reaction ; bird flu; sleeping beauty睡美人; gene therapy基因疗法,Father Time时间老人, Mother nature自然之母, irony of fate命运的嘲弄, paradise flowing with milk and honey遍地流着奶和蜜的天堂, be armed to the teeth武装到牙齿 the open door policy开放政策，the cold war 冷战，to fish in troubled waters 混水摸鱼，strike while the iron is hot 趁热打铁，at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟****语成语；He met his Waterloo.（ 典故）meet one's Waterloo是成语典故,由 拿破仑在Waterloo遇到惨败
﹡Literal translation at sentence level:
2)Blood is thicker than water血浓于水
3)Misfortune never comes 。
4) like Constant dropping wears the ;
5)The reasons for Disney’s success are varied and numerous, but ultimately the credit belongs to one person －the man who created cartoon and built the company from nothing.
迪斯尼乐园的成功有多种因素,但是归根到底要归功于一个人,这个人发明了卡通画,白手起家,创建了这家公司.( start from scratch = set up a company from scratch )
6)Now a World Heritage Site , Stonehenge and all its surroundings remain powerful witness to the once great civilization of the Stones and Bronze Ages , between 5,000 and 3,000 years ago.
如今作为世界文化遗产,石柱圈及其周围工事依旧是五到三千年石器时代和青铜器时代伟大文明的确有力见证者.
7)The line of trees that breaks the monotony of the pavement is laden with leaves in shades of russet. 一行树木打破了人行道的单调,树上长满了深浅不一的黄褐色树叶.（ 如何确定名词的词义 ，看其周围的单词 ， russet ）
8)The Australian continent has many different climate zones ranging from tropical in the north , leading to subtropical and savanna, to arid deserts in the center and temperate in the ,有北部的热带,亚热带,和稀树草原,有中部干旱不毛的沙漠,还有南部的温带.
＊直译误区：Misconcepts of literal translaiton
一、否定句型中的直译误区
1. 部分否定句型，这种句型不同于汉语的思维形式。
1)I do not know both of them. 对他们俩我不是都认识。
2)All the answers are not right. 答案并非全对。
3)Every body wouldn't like it . 并不是每上人都会喜欢它。
2. 单一否定中的部分特殊句型