口腔正畸学课件.ppt

口腔正畸学口腔正畸学( ( Orthodontics Orthodontics ) ) 西安交通大学医学院附属口腔医院西安交通大学医学院附属口腔医院口腔正畸教研室口腔正畸教研室概述概述口腔正畸学是口腔临床医学中的一个分支口腔正畸学是口腔临床医学中的一个分支学科,主要研究牙颌畸形的发生与发展机制、学科,主要研究牙颌畸形的发生与发展机制、诊断分析、预防和治疗。诊断分析、预防和治疗。 Orthodontics Orthodontics Dentofacial Dentofacial Orthopedics Orthopedics Mal Mal occlusion occlusion Dentofacial Dentofacial Deformity Deformity 口腔正畸学口腔正畸学牙齿矫正学(台湾、香港) 牙齿矫正学(台湾、香港) 矫齿学矫齿学(日本) (日本) Orthodontics Orthodontics (美国、欧洲(美国、欧洲) )什么是牙颌畸形? 什么是牙颌畸形? What is What is Dentofacial Dentofacial Deformity ? Deformity ? Dentofacial deformity n n A malformation of the A malformation of the teeth teeth , , jaws jaws and/or and/or face face characterized by disharmonies of characterized by disharmonies of size size , , form form and/or and/or function function . The term passes . The term passes problems such as lusion, cleft lip and problems such as lusion, cleft lip and palate and other skeletal or soft tissue palate and other skeletal or soft tissue anomalies, or syndromes that involve the face anomalies, or syndromes that involve the face and the and the dentoalveolar dentoalveolar complex. complex. 概述概述一、一、牙颌畸形的表现牙颌畸形的表现 1 1个别牙错位,牙弓形态和牙排列异常个别牙错位,牙弓形态和牙排列异常 2 2上下颌骨之间关系异常上下颌骨之间关系异常 3 3 上下颌与颅部之间关系异常上下颌与颅部之间关系异常概述概述二、流行病学二、流行病学患病率:我国调查患病率:我国调查 60`s: 60`s: % - % % - % 2000`s: 2000`s: –– % % n n个别正常个别正常( Individual Normal Occlusion) ( Individual Normal Occlusion) n n理想正常理想正常( Ideal Normal Occlusion ) ( Ideal Normal Occlusion ) n n切牙拥挤指数切牙拥挤指数( Incisor Irregularity Index ) ( Incisor Irregularity Index ) A+B+C+D+E= Anterior lower incisor crowding 0-1 ideal 0-1 ideal 2-3 mild crowding 2-3 mild crowding 4-6 moderate crowding 4-6 moderate crowding 7-10 severe crowding 7-10 severe crowding > 10 extreme crowding > 10 extreme crowding 概述概述三、危害性三、危害性 1 1社会心理影响社会心理影响 2 2口腔功能口腔功能 3 3 口腔疾病的关系口腔疾病的关系 4 4美观的影响美观的影响牙齿损伤与超牙齿损伤与超的关系的关系 Relation between size of o