防灾型城市设计—城市设计的防灾化发展方向.pdf

中文摘要城市物质空间是人类利用城市规划设计和建筑单体设计为手段、集中了当时人类技术、艺术、文化、经济等多种社会文明产物而建构出的综合结果。依赖于现代文明和现代技术而屹立的城市,并不如我们想象的那样坚固和安全。一旦城市成为灾害的产生、蓄积和扩散源,作为营建城市的指导思想和实施手段的城市规划和城市设计,在此时应该承担不可推卸的责任。城市设计作为对城市体型和空间环境做出的整体构思和安排,传统上注重对景观的“设计塑造”,而忽视了当城市物质环境、社会环境内容多元化、复杂化后对城市空间构成深层次的发掘,往往造成城市空间的过分视觉化与功能上的扁平化。尤其在日益增多的城市灾害面前,城市设计的应对机能出现不足。本文旨在探讨当前结合城市防灾学的一种城市设计发展趋势,并提出应该把“空间设计”与“防灾功能”有机结合起来,以加强城市空间、景观形成的多种功能综合附加的属性,从而创造适应当前社会人文、自然发展趋势的城市设计思路。当对城市灾害的预防和控制成为继城市空问、居住、工作、游憩、交通、绿化等诸多城市重要功能后的又一种必要功能时,从城市设计的角度考虑的减灾防灾将具有积极实用的现实意义。关键词:城市设计城市灾害防灾型城市设计城市开放空间防灾 ABSTRACT The urban material space is acomprehensive result which people made use ofcity planning and urban design as well as single buiIding design and that concentrated various social civilization es such as technique,art。culture,economy, that time to constructed. Cities,depending on modern civilization and modern technique,are not SO solid and safety as we the city es theheadstrenm where the disaster engendered,stored and construction gnidelines and implementation measures,city planning and urban design should undertake the responsibility that can’t be evaded at this time. Urban design as awhole thought and arrangement ofcity form and the space environment paid much attention to the design of landscape traditionally,while neglected deeper exhumation ofurban space structure along with diversification plication of city material and social environment,which usually makes city space excessive visualization and pressed. This article aims to discuss a trend bines urban design to city disaster puts forward that“Space design”and “disaster prevention function”should anically to strengthen various functions of the city space andlandscape prehensive additional to create a way of city design which oriented developmental trends ofcurrent society,humanities and nature? When the prevention and control of city disaster e to another important function after urban space,1lying,working,recreation, transportation and