中西文化对比教程教学课件-第四章 中西文学对比.ppt

Chapter Four
Poetry
1. Nature Poems
Western: William Wordsworth
British, 1770-1850
I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
“…poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings: it takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquility.”
A worshipper of nature
1. Nature Poems
Chinese: Tao Yuanming (陶渊明)
365-427
A great poet of reclusion in Eastern Jin (东晋)
饮酒（其五）
The creator of the pastoral poetry in China
Once served as a minor official in local government
Retreated from government which he thought to be extremely corrupt and chose to live in accord with nature and the true self in the country
2. Love Poems
Western: Song to Celia
Ben Jonson,1573-1637
…Drink to me only with thine eyes,
And I will pledge with mine;
Or leave a kiss but in the cup,
I’ll not look for wine.
Chinese: 夜雨寄北
李商隐 ，813-858
Cultural Reflection：What are the differences?
西方诗歌
1. 重逻辑
中国诗歌
1. 片段式的情感表达
2. 诗人同时研究诗歌理论并依据理论进行创作
2. 诗人大多不研究诗歌理论
3. 关注宗教的影响，哲理性强
3. 诗人自己的处世哲学
4. 直抒胸臆
4. 借物言志
Back
Drama
Western: Oedipus the King
Sophocles, 496 BC-406 BC
…no man should be considered fortunate until he is dead.
“Oedipus complex”
Chinese: The Palace of Eternal Youth (《长生殿》)
洪昇，1645-1704
“临别殷勤重寄词，词中无限情思。七月七夕长生殿，夜半无人私语时，谁知道比翼分飞连理死，绵绵恨无尽止。”
Cultural Reflection：What are the differences?
西方戏剧
1. 遵循一定的创作理论，重写实
中国戏剧
1. 来源于民间歌舞
2. 悲剧：表现人物性格内部的冲突，或人与命运的冲突
2. 悲剧：表现人与他人、国家、社会的关系，人物缺少反抗精神
3. 喜剧：多幽默喜剧
3. 喜剧：多讽刺喜剧
Back
Fiction
1. Travel Fiction
Western: Robinson Crusoe
Daniel Defoe, 1660-1731
Finding ways to survive and even thrive, with the help of resourcefulness and reasoning power
Truthful and detailed description
Realistic
Chinese: Journey to the West (《西游记》)
吴承恩，1500-1582
Overcoming 81 adversities and defeating various monsters before finally reaching India
Eerie imagination and bald exaggeration
Romantic