(完整版)江苏专转本英语考试语法重点大全.doc

: .
江苏省专转本英语考试语法重点大全
1. 倒装句
谓语动词放在主语之前的这种语法现象称为倒装。从倒装的形式来看，可分 为全部倒装 (full inversion) 和部分倒装 (partial inversion) 两种。前者是指整个 谓语置于主语之前，而后者仅是指助动词、情态动词或 be 动词等功能置于主语 之前。
一、全部倒装
1 、句首为 there be, stand, lie, exist, remain, appear , seem, come
等时，引出全部倒装。
There stands a stone bridge across the river .
There stands an old pine tree on the summit of the mountain.
2 、句首为状语方位词或表示地点的介词短语：
Then from the portable radio in the corner came the announcer 's
voice. 从角落里的便携式收音机里传来了播音员的声音。
At his side lay Eva Brown. 在他的身旁躺着的是爱娃 . 布劳恩。
3 、以 here, there, now, then 等开头的句子，位于常用 be, come, go,
begin, follow 等，引出倒装：
There goes the bell. 铃响了。
Here comes the bus. 汽车来了。
Now come your turn. 现在轮到你了。
但是，如主语是代词而不是名词时则不发生倒装。
4 、在表示动作的简短句子里，为了生动，可把副词放于句首引出倒装。
Out rushed the dog from the gate.
一条狗从大门里嗖地一声窜了出来
Up went the rocket into the sky. 火箭嗖地一声飞上了天空。
但： Away they went.
5 、在表达祝愿的句子里：
Long live the friendship between American and Chinese people! 中美人民的友谊万岁！
May you succeed! 祝你成功！
6 、在强调表语时
Worst of all were the humiliations. 最令人难以忍受的是羞辱。
Such is the case. 情况就是这样。
二、部分倒装
1 、省略 if 的虚拟条件句中
Had I known what was going to happen ，I would never have left
her alone. 如果我当时知道可能发生的事的话，我就不会撇下她一个人在那 里了。
Were there no air or water , there would be no life in the world. 没
有空气和水，世界上就不会有生命。
2 、在以 so （肯定）和 neither , nor （否定）的句子中
He didn 't fear new ideas, nor did he fear the future. 他不怕新想法，
也不怕未来。
I 've had some good ideas, so have other men. 我有些新的想法，别
人也会有啊。
不信任有传染力，同样
Distrust can be contagious, but so can trust.
信任也具有传染力。
3 、当句首状语为否定词或带有否定意义的词语时，如 never , little, often, not only, not un til, hardly, scarcely, seldom, no soon er ... tha n …，in
no way, at no time, under no circumstances, by no means, in no case ，
采用部分倒装。
Little does he care about money. 他很少关心钱。
Not until recently did I know what he had done. 直到最近我才知道他
所做的事。
4 、句首状语由 only+ 副词， only+ 介词短语， only+ 状语分词时
Only yesterday did he find o