刑法指导案例裁判要点功能研究.doc

刑法指导案例裁判要点功能研究.doc刑法指导案例裁判要点功能研究
Study on the Key Points of Judgments in Cases of Criminal Law
Guidance
作者：
陈兴良
作者简介：
陈兴良，北京大学法学院教授。
原文出处：
《环球法律评论》（京）2018年第20183期 第5-18页
内容提要：
在成文法国家，存在法律规则的细化问题，只有对法律规 定本身进行解释和厘定，才能满足对于特殊案件司法审理 的需求，这就是指导案例制度出台的合理性所在。截止 2017年年底，我国已经颁布了 13个刑法指导案例，每一个 案例都涉及不同的刑法原理、罪名体系，也体现了指导案 例对司法实践不同的影响，通过对这些案例中裁判要点的 学理剖析和功能定位，有助于充分发挥案例指导制度的作 用。从现有的刑法指导案例来看，对司法实践活动的作用 主要体现在以下五种功能中：司法规则的创制功能一一相 较于司法解释，指导案例能够更为细微、具体地创制规则; 条文含义的解释功能一一进一步解决条文含义的明确性问 题；法律规定的释疑功能一一解决条文适用中的理解冲突; 刑事政策的宣示功能一一为具体案件中的标准掌握提供政 策指导；以及刑罚制度的示范功能一一指导新刑罚制度的 适用，推动刑罚制度创新的法律和社会效果转化。
In statutory law countries,there exists the issue of elaboration of legal rules・ Only through interpretation and clarification, can legal provisions themselves meet the needs of the judicial trial in specific cases一which is the rationality behind the case guidance system. By the end of 2017, China has promulgated 13 cases of criminal law guidance involving different criminal law principles and crime systems, and demonstrating different impacts of guiding cases on judicial practice・ Theoretical analysis and functional orientation of the main points of judgments in these cases are conducive to giving full play to the functions of the case guidance system. Existin£ cases of criminal law guidance show that their impact on judicial practice is mainly embodied in the following five functions
:the creation of judicial rules一compared with judicial
interpretation, guiding cases can create rules in a more subtie and specific way; the explanation of the meanings of legal provisions, namely to further enhance the certainty of legal provisions; clarification of legal provisions, namely to solve the confliets of understanding in the application of legal provisions; the declaration of criminal policies, namely to provide policy guidance for the correct understandin^ and application of standards in specific cases; and demonstration of the criminal penalty system, namely to guide the application of the new criminal penalty syste