室内覆盖设计.docx

室内覆盖设计.docx
Indoor Coverage
Why should indoor solutions be used?
• cellular competition moves indoors • subscribers expect continuous coverage and quality • outdoor cells do not provide sufficient coverage indoors
The benefits of indoor solutions are pointed out in the following picture:
Dedicated Indoor Solution
Continuous Coverage
Low Transmitting Powers (BTS/MS)
Subscriber value
Office Equipment
Building Losses
Mobile networks are increasingly expected to provide coverage also within buildings. This, however, can rarely be modelled with a prediction tool, since a prediction would require a very detailed database of buildings. This would include locations, window orientations, building materials etc.
Therefore signal levels in buildings are estimated by applying an empirically measured "building penetration loss" margin. Typical values are 15..25 dB. This varies from country to country with typical architecture and building materials used.
Signal levels within the same building are not constant. There are big differences between locations near an outside window and "deep indoor,, situations, . in hallways.
signal level increases with floor number :~1,5 dB/floor (for 1st ..10th floor)
Building Penetration Loss
Signal levels in buildings are estimated by applying a "building penetration loss" margin.
Big differences between rooms with windows and "deep i