整理高考复习资料定语从句.doc

整理高考复习资料定语从句.doc定语从句
定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先 行词之后。定语从句分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词 有 when, where, why 等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当 一个成分。
定语从句分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
关系词的选用(1)
关系词的选择完全取决于先行词在定语从句中所充当的什么成分。关系词一共有九个，它 们在从句中所充当的句子成分见下表。
关系词
主语
宾语
表语
定语
状语 说明
that
人/物
人/物
V
X
V不能用于非限定性从句
which
物
物
X
X
V
who
人
X
X
X
X
whom
X
人
X
X
X
whose
X
X
X
人/物
X
when
X
X
X
X
V
where
X
X
X
X
V
why
X
X
X
X
V
as 主要用于非限制性的定语从句和such-•-as, the same…as, as・・・as,结构中。
who指人，在定语从句中作主语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class 。
Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。
Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his 。
That is the teacher who teaches us 。
whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
Mr Liu is the person ( whom )you talked about on the Li Ming is just the boy ( whom) I want to 。
The professor ( whom) you are waiting for has 。
The girl (whom)the teacher often praises is our 注意:关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替，也可省略。
The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend.
Which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。
Football is a game which is liked by most boys.