语言学第十二章.ppt

语言学第十二章
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Chapter 12 Language and Brain
Neurolinguistic is the study of the relationship between brain and language.
The brain, weighing about 1,400grams, consists of about ten biillion nerve cells called neurons and the billions of fibers that connect these neurons.
The neurons are the basic information processing units of the nervous .
The brain is divided into two sections: the lower is brain stem and the higher is cerebrum.
第二页，共10页
Chapter 12 Language and Brain
The brain stem keeps the body alive while the cerebrum is not essential for life.
The neurons form the surface of the brain, which is called the cortex. The cerebral cortex is the decision-making organ of the body and storehouse of "memory".
It is the cerebral cortex that accounts for the human distinctness in the animal world and the secret of language. Animals have no cortex.
第三页，共10页
Chapter 12 Language and Brain
The cortex is separated by the longitudinal fissure into two parts: the left and right cerebral hemispheres( the left and right brain)
Corpus callosum:is a bundle of nerve fibers which is the connection between the left and right brain
Each hemisphere controls the oppisite half of the body in terms of muscle movement and sensation.
第四页，共10页
Chapter 12 Language and Brain
The left hemisphere seems to excel in analytic tasks whereas the right hemisphere excels in ta