海上保险遵循的原则.ppt

第二章第二章海上保险遵循的原则海上保险遵循的原则学****目标学****目标通过对本章的学****应达到以下目标: 通过对本章的学****应达到以下目标: ??掌握可保利益的定义与作用掌握可保利益的定义与作用??熟悉最大诚信的内容及应用熟悉最大诚信的内容及应用??了解近因的内涵及意义了解近因的内涵及意义??掌握补偿与代位追偿的内容及应用掌握补偿与代位追偿的内容及应用 1 1本章内容本章内容?可保利益原则?最大诚信原则?近因原则?保险补偿原则?代位追偿原则?本章自测题 2 2第一节第一节可保利益原则可保利益原则一、海上保险可保利益定义一、海上保险可保利益定义( ( Definition of Insurable Interest Definition of Insurable Interest ) ) ?? 1746 1746 年之前,英国保险人不要求被保险人证明他们年之前,英国保险人不要求被保险人证明他们对投保的船舶或货物拥有所有权,也不要求被保险对投保的船舶或货物拥有所有权,也不要求被保险人出示他们对保险标的物具有某种利益。人出示他们对保险标的物具有某种利益。??英国英国 1746 1746 年颁布年颁布《《海上保险法海上保险法》》(Marine Insurance (Marine Insurance Act 1746) Act 1746) ,首次以法律的形式要求被保险人对承保,首次以法律的形式要求被保险人对承保财产具有利益。财产具有利益。 3 3 英国政府进一步完善了海上保险的相关法律。英国政府进一步完善了海上保险的相关法律。 1906 1906 年颁布更为完善的年颁布更为完善的““ Marine Insurance Act Marine Insurance Act ””: : ?? Subject to the provisions of this Act, every person Subject to the provisions of this Act, every person must have an insurable interest who is interested in a must have an insurable interest who is interested in a marine adventure. marine adventure. ?? In particular, a person is interested in a marine In particular, a person is interested in a marine adventure where he stands in any legal or equitable adventure where he stands in any legal or equitable relation to the adventure or to any insurable property at relation to the adventure or to any insurable property at risk therein, in consequence of which he may benefit by risk therein, in consequence of which he may benefit by the safety or due arrival of insurable property, or may the safety or due arrival of insurable property, or may be prejudiced by its loss, or by damage thereto, or by be prejudiced by its loss, or by damage thereto, or by the detention thereof, or may incur liability in respect the detention thereof, or may incur liability in respect thereof. thereof. 4 4 同时,也规定了何时应具有利益: 同时,也规定了何时应具有利益: ( (1 1) ) The assured must be interested in the The assured must be interested in the subject-matter insured at the time of loss subject-matter insured a