宾语从句讲解_专项练习及答案.doc

初中英语语法宾语从句讲解,专项练****及答案
宾语从句小口诀:
宾语从句三注意,时态语序引导词;
主句一般现在时,从句不需受限制;
主句一般过去时,从句须用相应时;
陈述句转化that引,一般疑问句用if/whether,
特殊问句疑问词,引导词后陈述式。
一、基本讲解
1 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句,宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语,也可做介词的宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)
He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语)
Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语)

(1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时,引导词用that,口语中常常省略。
, She told me (that) she would like to go with us.
(2)以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句,从句同样是陈述语序
eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .
注意:一般情况下,whether 和if 可以互用, 但有些情况例外。
a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if
eg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic.
b. 引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时, 只用whether.
eg, Please let me know what to do next.
Could you tell me whether u go or not?
c. if当如果讲时, 引导的是条件状语从句, 这时不能用whether.
(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时,引导词用特殊疑问词;引导词后要用陈述句语序。
. Could you tell me what's the matter\wrong with you?
特殊情况::当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时,句式结构应为引导词+do you think+陈述句语序。

,一般将来时或祈使句时,从句不受主句的限制,根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如:
Do you know(if/whether he has seen the film)?
,从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如:
I didn't know (if/whether he had seen the film.)
注意:当主句是一般过去时,而从句表示的是客观真理,自然现象,科学原理,格言等,从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如:
He said (that the earth moves round the sun.)
The teacher told us (that light travels much faster than sound.)
4.、人称的变化和标点的使用
,变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致;如果是第二人称,则与主句的宾语一致;如果是第三人称,不用变化。如:(一主二宾三不变)
“May I use your knife?”He asked me.
→He asked me if he might use my knife.
“Do you know her telephone number?”He asked me.
→He asked me if I know her telephone number.
b. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句,用句号;主句是疑问句,用问号。如:
Who will give us a talk? I don’t know. →I don’t know who will give us a talk.
Do you know?Where does he live? →Do you know where he lives?
二、宾语从句的转化
. 当主句谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,forget,plan,agree等,且主句主语与从句主语相同时,从句可简化为不定式结构。如:
She agreed that she could help me with my maths.
→She agreed to help me with my maths.