考研英语阅读理解解析.doc

在 2008 年的考试中, Use of English (即完形填空部分)考察了一篇关于人类智能的文章。首先, 就文章题材而言, 本文属生命科学类,与 95 年关于睡眠的完型相仿。其写作思路也基本一致,都是理论结合实践的体系,以事实举例来证明理论的常规套路。 95年关于睡眠一文以 rat 的例子阐述了睡眠的意义, 而本文以 Ashkenazim 的例子说明了人与人智商间的差别及其导致原因和副作用等。其次, 从文章结构来说, 还是一如既往地秉持了结构明晰的特点, 所以仍然以文章逻辑为主导考察考生通过寻找线索来解决问题的能力。 The idea that some ethnic groups may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is prepared to say it anyway. He is that rare bird, a scientist who works independently of any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not previously thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which arouse much controversy when it was first suggested. 一段中就以一个 But 连接了文章手将 speak 前的 dare not 与 say 前的 is prepared to 构造成鲜明转折关系, 所以考生可以通过 But 与 dare not 直接推得答案 is prepared to. 接着文中又用了一个表示弱转折含义的 actually 来引导考生对 previously 一词的把握。类似 independent of 之类的词组中介词考察的考点在近几年倒是罕有发生,不过考生可以在 94 年完型第 1题 of utmost importance 以及 98 年完型第 18题 specialists in 等题中找到渊源。 Even he, however, might tremble at the thought of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only suggests that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. The group in question are Ashkenazi Jews. The process is natural selection. 本段开篇一个 however 就形成与上文的转折,故可直接排除表结果的 So与 Henc e 选项,而上文说 GC 区别于众多敢想不敢言的人挺身而出(由第一段 But 可知) ,所以在第二段再次转折后, 说明 GC 与众人仍有共性, 故可排除 Only 一词, 从而选择 Even 作为段首词。之后,文中一组 not only … but …,使 suggests 赖 explains 而生。 Ashkenazim generally do well in IQ tests, scoring 12-15 points above the mean value of 100, and have contributed disproportionately to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the careers of Freud, Einstein and Mahler, pictured above, affirm. They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty ic diseases, such as Tay-Sachs and breast cancer. These facts, however, have previously been thought unrelated. The former has been