北极航道开通对我国北方港口的影响.docx

大连海事大学
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毕业论文



北极航道的开通对我国北方港口布局的影响




摘要
北极航线是连接北太平洋和北大西洋之间的最短航线,但由于地处北极,气候寒冷一直无法全年通航。近年来随着全球气候变暖使得北极的北川不断融化,据美国冰川研究中心预测,北极航道将会在2020年左右实现全年通航。北极航道的开通将会对我国的航运业产生巨大的价值。同时北极航线通航对我国北方港口的布局将产生深远的影响。
目前,我国北方港口布局较混乱,基本处于无序竞争的状态,各港口争夺腹地、恶性竞争等问题突出。同时由于近年来中欧贸易额的不断增加,中欧航线的需求不断增加。北极航道开通将会缩短我国北方港口到欧洲各港口的距离,这使得我国北方港口面临着跨越式发展的机遇。我国北方港口能否合理布局将会影响到北极航道开通后的综合竞争力[1]。
本文在综合国内外研究成果的基础之上,以北极航道通航为前提,对北极航道的现状进行了阐述,对基于中欧贸易的北极航线的经济型进行了分析,描述了我国北方港口的布局现状,同时运用SWOT分析法我国北方的港口进行了全面系统的评价。预测了2020年我国北方港口的外贸型吞吐量。阐述了北极航道开通后对我国北方港口的影响。本文针对上述情况提出了一些对应策略,对我国港口参与北极航线具有一定的参考价值。
关键词:北极航线;港口布局;机遇;竞争力
Abstract
The Arctic Sea Route is the shortest shipping route between North Pacific and North Atlantic, but the route is notable for shipping annually owning to the extremely cold weather in the North ,the glaciers in the North Pole are melting with the impact of global warming. According to the forecast of United States Glaciers Research Center, the Arctic Sea Route will be available for shipping all the year around in 2015. And it will sure to benefit a lot to the shipping industry of our country and make a foundational impact to the distribution of north ports at the meantime.
At present, the distribution of North China ports is orderless which results form petition of the overlapped hinterland as well as the increasing volume of trade between China-EU trade. The North Sea Route will no doubt cure all these problems and pletely new opportunities to these ports in question. And the rational distribution of China North Ports will be essential to petition of north pole shipping business.
This article analyze the current situation of north sea route and the its economy for China-EU trades based on prehensive study of other researches and take the essful sailing of north sea route as precondition. Besides, the author also consider the distribution of China North ports and use STOW model to analyze the strength and weakness
Key words: the arcti