QTZ40塔式起重机总体及塔顶优化设计说明书（含全套CAD图纸）.doc

摘要
塔式起重机作为建筑施工的主要设备,在建筑等行业发挥着极其重要的作用。塔式起重机属于臂架型起重机,由于其臂架铰接在较高的塔身上,且可回转,臂架长度较大,结构轻巧、安装拆卸运输方便,适于露天作业,因此大多数用于工业与民用建筑施工。
本次设计在参照同类塔式起重机基础上,对QTZ40型塔式起重机进行总体设计及塔顶分析设计。在塔顶设计工程中,采用了有限元法对其进行分析计算,。
按照整机主要性能参数,确定各机构类型及钢结构型式,主要确定了塔顶的结构参数。通过对塔顶作适当的简化,,施加各工况载荷,进行求解,进而可得各节点受力情况及各单元所受轴向力、轴向应力大小及各工况下塔顶的变形挠度大小,并能演示塔顶加载过程的动画,清晰的展现了各工况下塔顶的受力性能。
本设计为QTZ400塔式起重机总体及塔顶优化设计,主要分为以下几个方面: 首先,进行总体设计,包括平衡臂与平衡重计算、塔机风力计算和整机的抗倾覆稳定性计算;其次是塔顶的设计包括受力分析、结构简化、有限元分析、受力校核(包括校核强度、刚度和稳定性)等。
本次设计分析通过修改模型参数共准备了三种不同方案,进而对不同模型方案进行分析比较。由比较不同模型在相同工况下的受力状况及刚度状况,综合分析强度和刚度条件,可得出受力最为合理的一组模型参数,通过对此组参数下模型进行强度及刚度校核,进而获得塔顶的最终参数结果
关键词:QTZ40型塔式起重机塔顶有限元分析

Abstract
As an important facility, the tower crane plays an important role in construction industry. The tower crane belongs to the arm rack type crane. Its arm is hinged on the high tower body, and it may rotate. It has longer arm, dexterous structure. What’s more, it is easy to be assembled, disassembled and transported. It is suitable for the open-air work and mainly used for industry and civil construction
Based on the design of the similar tower crane, this design posed of the system design and the tower top design of the QTZ40 tower crane. In the tower top design progress, it has carried Finite Element Method on the putation, and used software.
According to the entire machine main performance parameters, anizations type and the steel structure pattern have been determined. Through the reasonable simplification of the tower top, the tower top finite element model is established by applying software, and then it’s exerted various operating modes loads, and carried on the solution. Then software can calculate various nodes stress situation, the axial stress various units receive, and the tower top distortion size under various operating modes. Also it can demonstrate the animation in the loads-carrying process on the tower top, which has clearly displayed the stress performan