考研英语大纲附录3.doc

考研英语大纲附录3附录3常用的前缀和后缀,部分国家(或地区)、语言、国民及国籍表,洲名及常见缩写词一、常用的前缀和后缀1、常用前缀aero-:concerningtheairofaircraftplane-aeroplane飞机space-aerospace航空空间anti-:against;oppositeofnuclear-antinuclear反对核武器的matter-antimatter反物质war-antiwar反战的auto-:oforbyoneselfbiography传记–autobiography自传criticism批评-autocriticism自我反省be-:totreatasthestatedthingfriend-befriend以朋友的方式对待;照顾little-belittle使显得微小,轻视、贬低bi-:two;twice;doublelingual-bilingual双语的;人cycle-bicyclebio-:concerninglivingthingschemistry-biochemistry生化sphere-biosphere生物圈by-,bye-:lessimportantproduce-by-produceway-byway偏僻小路;学科的次要领域,冷门centi-:hundredthpartgrade-centigrade?摄氏meter-centimeter厘米co-:together,withauthor-coauthor合著者,合著exist-coexist同时共存、和平共处col-:(usedbeforel)together,withlocation-collocation排列,配置,-:(usedbeforeb,m,p)together,passion怜悯、同情con-:together,withcentric-concentric同一中心的、同轴federation-confederation结盟同盟,联邦contra-:oppositediction-contradiction矛盾、否定反驳natural-contranatural违背自然的cor-:(usedbeforer)together,withrelate-correlate有相关性respond-correspond相符合相一致,相当类似通信counter-:oppositeact-counteract对抗、抵消attack-counterattack反攻、反击cross-:across;goingbetweenthestatedthingsandjoiningthemcountry-crosscountry越野的breed-crossbreed杂种,使杂交de-:showinganopposite;toremove;toreducecode-decode译码、解码、分析电子信号value-devalue贬值,贬低dis-:not;theoppositeofadvantage-disadvantage不利、劣势、短处agree-disagree不同意、不一致、不适合honest-dishonest不诚实、不老实em-:(usedbeforeb,m,p)ebody-embody表现、象征;包括、包含power-empower授权、准许en-:e;tomakedanger-endanger危及、使遭受危险large-enlarge扩大、扩充放大ex-:former(andstillliving)minister-ex-ministerv辅助;服侍,部长wife-ex-wife前妻extra-:outside;beyondcurricular-extracurricular学校课程以外的ordinary-extraordinary奇怪;特别;额外,临时fore-:inadvance,before;inoratthefrontarm-forearm前臂,预先武装warn-forewarn预先警告;事先告知il-:(usedbeforel)notlegal-illegal非法literate-illiterate目不识丁、文盲的im-:(usedbeforeb,m,p)notmoral-immoral不道德、邪恶;放荡的possible-impossible不可能、办不到的;很难接受in-:notdirect-indirect间接地,婉转的sensitive-insensitive感觉迟钝,不友好的;麻木infra-:belowinarange;beyondred-infrared红外线的structure—infrastructure基础设施,基础结构inter-:between;amongchange—int