中学中年教师职业倦怠状况的调查研究.pdf

AbstractJobb啪out,,prehensiVepsychologicalsymptoms,causedbyindiVidual’sfailuretodealwimmeongoingpressuref两mwork,includingemotionaldisorder’,,inthisstudy,thealmlorchosemiddleagedteachers(between40arld45yearsold)inhighschoolsinHexiDistrict,,gender,educationqualification,jobtitle,duties,whetherbeingheadteaCher,whemerteaching伊aduatingc12usses,rankofschool,谢t11allthese7fi犯torsasVariables,tlleauthorintendedtostudythestatusandinnuencialfactorsofjobbumominmiddleagedteachersinhi曲school,thengaVefeasiblesuggestionstotllemiddleagedteachersinhighschool,,theauthorchosesomemiddleagedteachersin11igllschoolsinHeXiDistrict,—BumoutScaleforTeachers(ChenFengrong2006ReViSion).-:gender,educationqllalification,whetherbeingheadteacher,Whetherteaclling铲aduatingclass,raIll(ofschoolhaVesigIlificantdi脑encesinteacher’sjobb啪out;howeVer,,tlleaumorsuggestedseVerals仃{munity,、vords:teacher’sjobb啪outmiddleagedteachersinhi曲-(jobburnout),简称倦怠或过劳,是与工作相关的一系列症状,通常被认为是工作中的慢性情绪和人际关系压力的延迟反应。1974年之前,“倦怠”一词在心理学文献中还不存在,人们通常用“压力(stress)”或“紧张(tension)”之类的词来描述倦怠症状,但是这些词容易导致误解。因为倦怠带来的结果是消极的,而无论是“压力”还是“紧张",其结果可能是消极的,也可能是积极的(如提高工作动机、促进个体发展等),因此有必要把压力和倦怠视为两个概念,通常认为压力会导致倦怠。尽管社会心理学家Maslach早在1973年美国心理学大会上曾介绍过助人行业中出现的情绪衰竭现象,但“倦怠"一词的正式出现却是在由美国精神病医生Freudenberger于1974年在社会问题期刊(JournalofSocialIssues)上发表的名为“员工倦怠(staffburnout)"的文章中,该文章记