《说文解字》徐铉所注俗字研究.pdf

华中科技大学
硕士学位论文
《说文解字》徐铉所注俗字研究
姓名:刘兴奇
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:汉语言文字学
指导教师:程邦雄
20060509
摘要
宋初徐铉等人在校订许慎《说文解字》(下文简称《说文》) 时,对“原著未备者,
更为补释,时俗伪变之别体字与《说文》正字不同者,亦详辨之,皆题‘臣铉等曰’
为别”。以“俗字作某”、“俗读作某”等形式指出俗字 146 个。这些俗字当在宋代以前
就已存在,是发生在隶变楷化阶段的汉字,研究它们不仅可以了解这些汉字在当时
及以后的使用情况,还可以正确认识俗字对于汉字简化、规范化整理有着重要的意
义。
目前对《说文解字》中许慎和段玉裁所注俗字的研究已经比较全面系统,而对
徐铉所注俗字(以下简称“铉注俗字”)的研究却比较薄弱,为了弥补这个空缺,在
前修和时贤研究的基础上,我们对铉注俗字作了较为全面而系统的研究。
我们从历时和共时的角度,运用比较法和统计法全方位的考察了铉注俗字。
本文共分五个部分:第一部分是引言,介绍了选题缘由及意义,概述了研究现
状。第二部分从共时的角度通过正字和俗字的字形对比分析了铉注俗字的生成形式
和产生的原因;第三部分是铉注俗字与《宋元以来俗字谱》所收俗字之比较,探讨
了铉注俗字在宋元以后的字形变化;第四部分是铉注俗字在现行通用汉字中的承用
情况,也即铉注俗字在现代汉字中字形和意义承用。第五部分为结论。本文的创新
在于通过正俗字生成方式的对比给铉注俗字一个全面而清晰的分类,对铉注俗字进
行历时的对比研究,梳理了它们的发展脉络,并在此基础上归纳出铉注俗字特点。
有助于理解俗字简化、规范化、形声化等规律及其意义,也为对铉注俗字的进一步
研究打下了基础。

关键词:《说文解字》俗字生成形式比较
I
Abstract
When Xu xuan was revising Xu shen’s Shuo Wen Jie Zi, plymented some
materials, and differentiated some folk character from formal ones . He pointed out 146
folk characters in the form of “the character was writing or reading as …in the folk”.
These folk characters should have been there before Song Dynasty, and arised during the
stage of Chinese characters’ Li Bian and Kai Hua. So we can have a good understanding
on the Chinese characters’ regularity of simplification and standardization .
Nowadays ,the research to Xu shen and Duan yu cai’s folk characters that appears
Shuo Wen Jie Zi was almost all-around and systemic. But is not enough to the folk
character that Xu xuan noted. In order to perfect this research ,we did prehensive
study on Xu xuan folk characters than the former scholars.
From the view of simultaneity and diachronic ,we study Xu xuan folk character with
the methods parison and statistics.
This paper have five parts: the first one is the introduction, its content is the reason
that we choose this topic and the researching state on this field. The second part is about
the form of those fold character that Xu xuan noted . the third and fourth