语言学名词解释.doc

・ Chapter 1: Introduction
Linguistics: Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language.
general lture, with lower lever of sound, which is meaningless, and higher lever of meaning.
displacement: Language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situation of the speaker. ( regardless of time or space) (04)
cultural transmission: The capacity for language is genetically based while the details of any language system have to be taught and learned. ( Language is culturally transmitted rather than by instinct).
Sociolinguistics: the study of all social aspects of language and its relation with society from the core of the branch.
Psycholinguistics: the study of language processing, comprehending and production, as well as language acquisition.
2L communicative competence: the ability to use language appropriately in social situations.
Chapter 2: Phonology
1・ phonic medium : The limited range of sounds which are meaningful in human communication constitute the phonetic medium of language, (and the individual sounds within this range are speech sounds)
phonetics : The study of phonic medium of language and it is concerned with all sounds in the world' s languages. (06C)
articulatory phonetics : It studies sounds from the speaker' s point of view, i. e. how a speaker uses his speech organs to articulate the sounds. (03)
auditory phone